10 BULLETIN 1319, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
thrown up by the flapper roller, while the lint passes below. The 
screen should be set about 2 inches above and just back of the flapper 
roller. The arrangement of the flapper roller and other parts is 
shown in Figure 1. 
By using this method of taking the lint off the gin roller much 
greater uniformity in the appearance of the cotton is possible. 
(PI. XI.) 
MOVING THE LINT COTTON FROM THE GIN STANDS TO THE PRESS 
The lint cotton should go to the press in the same condition that 
it comes from the gin stand, and all unnecessary handling, turning, 
or bundling should be avoided. The cotton should be drawn from 
the individual gin stands by means of a board rake 6 inches wide 
and 3 feet long. A good procedure is to start at the gin nearest the 
press, drawing the pile of cotton from the gin, facing it toward the 
press, and continuing this operation until the last gin stand is 
reached. The cotton should then be slid over a smooth floor to the 
press, keeping the piles lined up and in the same shape as when they 
came from the gin. It is then pushed into the press and tamped 
lightly, but should not be turned over or jammed down in the cor- 
ners. If cotton accumulates behind the gin stand while a bale is 
being tied the lint should be pulled into the middle of the floor. The 
piles of cotton should never be tangled into a heap, but should 
always be kept straight with the press. If more than 10 stands are 
used it will be more practicable to have a double box press or two 
single box presses. If too much cotton accumulates on the floor it is 
impossible to get it into the press in proper shape without tangling. 
Furthermore, the danger in case of fire is greater. The Department 
of Agriculture strongly recommends a grounding system and the 
proper operation and maintenance of equipment for preventing fires 
during the ginning process. See United States Department of Agri- 
culture Circular 271, Grounding Cotton Gins to Prevent Fires. 
KEEPING THE LINT CLEAN 
Some ginners pay little attention to the adjustment of their equip- 
ment and to the condition of their gin floors, allowing trash or 
seeds and locks of unginned cotton to become mixed with the lint. 
If such carelessness is criticized they are likely to say, "A few seeds 
and a lock or two of seed cotton do no harm, as the cotton is cleaned 
when it gets to the mills." This shows ignorance and a disregard 
of the interest of the growers, since bales of cotton often are given 
a low grade or rejected by careful buyers if seeds or unginned locks 
are found in the samples. 
CONCLUSIONS 
On account of the diversity of roller-ginning methods used in 
Arizona, Pima cotton in the bales often differed so much in ap- 
pearance that some manufacturers of fine goods have believed that 
Pima cotton is of uneven quality and not suited to their purposes. 
In reality, the select Pima variety is much more uniform than any 
of the seed stocks that were secured from Egypt, and the varied ap- 
pearance of the bales has been due to the mechanical condition of 
