EXPERIMENTS WITH DURUM WHEAT. 39 
During the last four years the Marquis has been included in the 
experiment. In 4-year average yield it outranks Preston by 1.1 
bushels and Arnautka by 2 bushels. It falls behind Kubanka by only 
0.4 of a bushel. Yellow Gharnovka durum, reintroduced into the 
test, has proved the best yielder of all, however, in this period, its 
yield of 19 bushels exceeding that of Kubanka by 2.2 bushels and that 
of Marquis by 2.6 bushels. Kharkof, a hard red winter wheat of the 
Crimean group, also has been grown during this 4-year period, and its 
yield of 21.4 bushels exceeds even that of the Yellow Gharnovka by 
2.4 bushels. 
From present indications it may be concluded that the Crimean 
wheats will outyield spring wheats here when they survive the 
winters. This station is about the present northern limit of winter- 
wheat production in central and eastern South Dakota. Good durum 
varieties will regularly outyield any spring variety now known, but 
Marquis and Preston are both good yielding varieties of spring com- 
mon wheat in central South Dakota. 
Among the durum wheats, Kubanka has given the highest yields 
of any variety tested in the 10-year and 12-year periods. In the 
10-year period, three lots of Kubanka are among the four highest 
yielders, the other being Pererodka, which ranked third. In the last 
four years, however, Kubanka was outyielded by Yellow Gharnovka 
-by 2.2 bushels. In the first 4-year period, 1902-1905, inclusive, three 
varieties, Taganrog, Berdiansk, and Yellow Gharnovka, all outyielded 
any Kubanka. Kubanka (C. I. No. 2094) also outyielded Kubanka 
(C. I. No. 1440), which was continued in the experiments, whereas 
the four varieties previously named were all dropped. Of the several 
lots or pure strains of Arnautka included in the tests, none has ex- 
ceeded Kubanka consistently for any series of years. A selection of 
Kubanka (C. I. No. 1516), recently named Acme and assigned C. I. 
No. 5284, has been included in the experiments during only the last 
three years. 'This pure line has shown remarkable rust resistance, 
and as a result has outyielded all other wheats grown in the 3-year 
period from 1914 to 1916. In 1916 it was grown also at Brookings, 
S. Dak., where it outyielded all other spring wheats. 
RESULTS AT EUREKA, S. DAK. 
The Eureka substation of the South Dakota Agricultural Experi- 
ment Station is located on the remains of an old terminal moraine, 
the resulting soil being a stony sandy loam. The altitude is 1,884 
feet, and the average annual rainfall during the last seven years has 
been 16.4 inches. The experiments were conducted independently by 
the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station until 1912, and 
since then in cooperation with the Office of Cereal Investigations. 
