14 BULLETIN 540, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
LESSON 14. 
Problem.—To make marmalade. 
Points to be brought out——In a marmalade, although the fruit is 
much more finely divided than in the case of preserves, the fruit and 
juice should remain distinct. 
Reference.—U. S. Dept. Agr., Farmers’ Bul. 203. 
Correlation.—Arithmetic: Compare the cost of marmalade and jelly. 
Supplementary topic.—Discuss a plan for improving the quality of 
homemade preserves, etc., in a community by means of local institute 
or school of domestic science for farm women. 
LESSON 15. 
Problem.—To plan a cap and an apron to be worn during the daily 
cleaning of the rooms. 
Points to be brought out.—The purpose of the cap is to protect the 
hair from dust. It can do this and at the same time be attractive. 
The design should be such as will admit of easy laundering. Let the 
students bring in designs to be discussed and from them make the 
selections. (The choice of the design will depend somewhat upon 
the experience of the class in sewing. In general, the simpler the 
better.) The apron should cover the dress completely. The bunga- 
low apron now so much used is of good design, is easily made, and will 
serve to introduce the later work on a gown. (See Lesson 78.) It 
is not necessary to buy a pattern for this apron, since the design is 
very simple. The apron should be made of gingham in attractive 
colors, with the cap to match. Emphasize especially the desirability 
of atneat and attractive appearance while at daily work and the suit- 
ability of specially planned work clothing, rather than soiled, cast-off 
finery. 
References.—Any current pattern book. 
Correlation.—Arithmetic: Estimate the cost of cap and apron. 
Compare them with the cost of ready-made caps and aprons as 
priced in stores and mail-order catalogues. 
Supplementary toprc.—Outline a plan for the purchase by a group 
of 10 neighbors of a vacuum cleaner and gasoline engine to run it, 
each person to have it for a day twice a month; estimate costs, suggest 
rules for use, repair, transportation, etc. 
LESSON 16. 
Problem.—To wash with different kinds of soap in order to compare 
their cleansing action, their effect on the color and appearance of 
the garment, and their lasting quality. To test soaps for free alkali. 
Points to be brought out.—Soap cleans by its emulsifying and dissoly- 
ing action. Study the different soaps and washing powders available 
and classify them according to their uses. 
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