TENURE AND USE OF ARID GRAZING LANDS, 39 
range is naturally about as poor as any of the arid grazing land in the 
State [79]. The losses are almost negligible, compared with those sus- 
tained by herds on the immediately surrounding open ranges, and 
show only nominal increase during the years of drought. Of course 
these results are to be attributed to good management, but good 
management is largely dependent on the power to control the use 
of the range. 
Some suggestive results oj experience. — Among the men interviewed 
in Arizona and New Mexico, previously referred to, were two cattle- 
men who have been in the business in that region for many years. 17 
Their experience is highly suggestive; it is the same as that of many 
other men operating fenced ranges. Both are very careful in their 
statements. Each had succeeded in getting control of what is 
ordinarily considered a not very large ranch for that region. Each 
of these men stated that instead of deteriorating, their ranges had 
actually improved during the drought. One of them said he had 
made more money from the fenced range than he had previously 
made from twice the area before it was fenced. The next neighbor 
of the other had been compelled to take all his stock off his unfenced 
range to keep them from dying, yet the increase in feed on the fenced 
range during 1917 had saved about $2,000 on the feed bill, and 
rendered feeding unnecessary in 1918. Such results as these are 
only possible on fenced ranges. 
Advantages to sheepmen. — It may be objected that most, if not all, 
of the arguments so far presented apply only to the production of 
range cattle; that sheep get along on open ranges much better than 
on inclosed ones; that in order to utilize to the fullest the summer 
feed of the high mountains, sheep must be used in traveling bands, 
and that areas of winter feed with connecting driveways must be 
reserved for such animals; that such a method of management is 
the most effective and least expensive; that if the fencing up of 
separate holdings be allowed many sheepmen will be forced out of 
business, and that we as a nation will be compelled to depend upon 
other nations for our wool and mutton. 
No one knows better the effects of the " tramp " band of sheep than 
the sheepman, because he has suffered from these effects himself 
very frequently. And no one has profited quite so satisfactorily by 
the grazing policy applied in the National Forests as the so-called 
" small sheepman." 
Many sheepmen are strongly in favor of a subdivision of the range 
because they know by their own experience that they could carry on 
their business much better on a controlled range. Many of them are 
acquiring land and other equities as rapidly as possible. Some of 
w Mr. Frank F. Moore, member of State Cattle Sanitary Board of Arizona, Mr. J. H. McCamant, sheriff 
of McKinlev Co., New Mexico, and vice president of trie New Mexico Cattle and Horse Growers' Association. 
