LEGAL PHASES OF COOPEKATIYE ASSOCIATIONS. 43 
Sec. 2. That if the Secretary of Agriculture shall have reason to believe that 
any such association monopolizes or restrains trade in interstate or foreign com- 
merce to such an extent that the price of any agricultural product is unduly 
enhanced by reason thereof, he shall serve upon such association a complaint 
stating his charge in that respect, to which complaint shall be attached or 
contained therein a notice of hearing, specifying a day and place not less than 
30 days after the service thereof, requiring the association to show cause 
why an order should not be made directing it to cease and desist from monopo- 
lization or restraint of trade. An association so complained of may at the 
time and place so fixed show cause why such order should not be entered. The 
evidence given on such a hearing shall be taken under such rules and regula- 
tions as the Secretary of Agriculture may prescribe, reduced to writing, and 
made a part of the record therein. If upon such hearing the Secretary of Agri- 
culture shall be of the opinion that such association monopolizes or restrains 
trade in interstate or foreign commerce to such an extent that the price of any 
agricultural product is unduly enhanced thereby, he shall issue and cause to 
be served upon the association an order reciting the facts found by him, direct- 
ing such associaton to cease and desist from monopolization or restraint of 
trade. On the request of such association, or if such association fails or 
neglects for 30 days to obey such order, the Secretary of Agriculture shall 
file in the district court in the judicial district in which such association has 
its principal place of business a certified copy of the order and of all the records 
in the proceeding, together with a petition asking that the order be enforced, 
and shall give notice to the Attorney General and to said association of such 
filing. Such district court shall thereupon have jurisdiction to enter a decree 
affirming, modifying, or setting aside said order, or enter such other decree as 
the court may deem equitable, and may make rules as to pleadings and pro- 
ceedings to be had in considering such order. The place of trial may, for cause 
or by consent of parties, be changed as in other causes. The facts found by the 
Secretary of Agriculture and recited or set forth in said order shall be prima 
facie evidence of such facts, but either party may adduce additional evidence. 
The Department of Justice shall have charge of the enforcement of such order. 
After the order is so filed in such district court and while pending for review 
therein the court may issue a temporary writ of injunction forbidding such 
association from violating such order or any part thereof. The court may, upon 
conclusion of its hearing, enforce its decree by a permanent injunction or other 
appropriate remedy. Service of such complaint and of all notices may be made 
upon such association by service upon any officer or agent thereof engaged, in 
carrying on its business, or on any attorney authorized to appear in such pro- 
ceeding for such association, and such service shall be binding upon such asso- 
ciation, the officers, and members thereof. 
This act is a statutory declaration by Congress that, so far as inter- 
state or foreign commerce is concerned, farmers, planters, ranchmen, 
dairymen, nut or fruit growers may act together in associations, 
corporate or otherwise, in collectively processing, preparing for mar- 
ket, handling, and marketing in such commerce the products of per- 
sons so engaged, and that they may make the necessary contracts to 
effect such purposes. Whatever doubt may have previously existed 
on tliis subject is apparently resolved by this statute. However, as 
stated in the act, " If the Secretary of Agriculture shall have reason 
