66 BULLETIN 1106, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
ARTICLE IX.—DUTIES AND POWERS OF THE MANAGER. 
SEcTION 1. Under the direction of the board of directors, the manager shall 
employ and discharge all employees, agents, and laborers. He shall secure 
information as to crop and market conditions, and furnish the same to the 
members on request. He shall encourage the production of the best varieties 
of products demanded by the trade. He shall acquaint each member as far 
as practicable with the form and manner in which his products shall be pre- 
pared for market. He shall have charge of the grading, packing, and inspec- 
tion of all products handled by the association, and shall have control of the 
brands and labels and their use on such products, in accordance with the 
rules of the association. Subject to the terms of the contracts made by the 
members with the association for the marketing of their products, the order 
of the board of directors, and the by-laws and rules of the association, the 
manager shall have entire charge of the sale and marketing of such products. 
Notre._-The manager is the most important officer, and the suc- 
cess or failure of the association will to a large degree depend upon 
him ; hence his power must be limited as little as possible. Hecan 
not be held responsible if he is to be dictated to at will by each 
member or if the officers are to meddle constantly with his work. 
This does not imply that the manager should be a dictator. He 
should take the suggestions of the officers and members and from 
them and his own experience construct a business plan. When- 
ever a manager loses the confidence of the members, he should be 
replaced with a manager who possesses that confidence. The 
duties of a manager differ with the different forms of organization 
and kinds of business. Therefore the duties here outlined must 
be considered as suggestive. Each association should redraft this 
provision to suit its purposes. Organizations like creameries and 
cheese factories may find it advisable to insert an article relating 
to the duties of the butter maker or cheese maker, as in such 
orgaiizations the duties of the manager usually are more limited. 
ARTICLE X.—MEMBERSHIP FEE AND FINANCE. 
SEcTION 1. Each member shall pay in advance to the association a member- 
ship fee of ($5). 
Sec. 2. At the time of uniting with the association or at any time thereafter 
when called upon by the board of directors each member shall loan an amount 
to be fixed by the board, not less than ($10) nor more than ($100), in cash to 
the association to be used in building warehouses or other necessary buildings 
and the lease or purchase of lands therefor or in securing necessary equipment. 
Src. 38. Such loans shall draw interest at the rate of (6) per cent per annum. 
Sec. 4. Such loans shall be repaid from a special fund created by levying a 
percentage assessment on the produce sold and supplies bought through the 
association, the amount of such percentage to be fixed by the board of directors, 
which amount shall be sufficient to pay (one-fifth) of the entire loan and the 
interest thereon in each year. 
Sec. 5. At the end of each fiscal year each member shall receive a certificate 
showing the amount of money which he has contributed that: year to the special 
loan fund. During the life of the association, or until this by-law is changed, 
the special assessments shall continue and the holders of such certificates issued 
in previous fiscal years, out of the proceeds arising therefrom, shall be paid the 
amounts due thereon. 
NotE.—This article suggests a method which nonstock organiza- 
tions may employ to secure the capital necessary to build ware- 
houses or purchase equipment. Organizations which require only a 
small outlay for equipment can provide the necessary capital 
through the membership fee. 
| 
