76 BULLETIN 341, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
In Table XLII the owner farms are divided into groups according | 
to the crop index of each farm. 
TABLE XLII.—Relation of crop index to labor income and adjusted income (per 
cent) ; 378 Pennsylvania owners. 
| [ 
| Average | Average | Average 
- Number f s 
Crop index. : | labor | adjusted | size of 
of farms. | income. | income. | farms. 
Percent. | Acres. 
Stlandiessa os .s a2 ee en ee SS ee ee ee ee 75 360 49 89 
SHIG OOO a Sk NC ees a pone pene mamas LGN Berea fe Lh ea che Bt 91 616 74 99 
THO) 1 Meee ae ae A oe ede ent eR eek oe Woe ae mes in ae eas 107 870 108 89. 
MP LOW S921 022 54 8 ee ee SRE ee: ees eee eae 92 1,183 153 91 
FAQ an GO er ised: Se ee SE eee? Be Sen er Seen eee | 13 1,005 130 $2 
POtal ee oa En cd SS ee ee 378 789 100 90 
There were 75 farms on which the crop index was 84 or less. The 
average labor income of these 75 farms, when adjusted for size of 
farm, was just 49 per cent of the average for the whole number of 
farms. 
As the crop index increases the labor income is seen to increase 
until near the limit of yields found in this survey. But the 13 farms 
naving a crop index of 140 or more had smaller labor incomes on the 
average than the next lower group. The number of farms in this 
group is too small to permit very positive conclusions on this point, 
but these results are consistent with those found in other surveys. 
Ordinarily it pays well to increase crop yields till they are consider- 
ably above the average, but a limit is finally reached beyond which it 
does not pay to go. Good yields are ordinarily more profitable than 
extremely high ones, and decidedly more profitable than very small 
yields. 
The last column of Table XLII shows again that there is here very 
little relation between size of farm and yield per acre. The small 
farms on the average make just about the same yields per acre as the 
large ones, and it does not pay their owners to apply the necessary — 
additional labor and materials to increase these yields very materi- 
ally. In the case of certain crops, however, especially hay, it would 
probably pay the average farmer in this region to go to the necessary 
expense to secure a considerable increase in yield. Jn general, if rom q 
yields are low, it usually pays to increase them. 
RECEIPTS PER COW AS RELATED TO LABOR INCOME. 
Table XLIII shows that the income per cow is a very important — 
factor in the profitableness of farming in this region, as it is wher- | 
ever such studies have been made. Since dairying is the principal _ 
business of the farmers in Chester County, the income per cow is © 
NTN SAE MIRAI a 
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