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FARM MANAGEMENT PRACTICE OF CHESTER COUNTY, PA. 87 
of farm management surveys accumulate, these more detailed studies 
will become easily possible. For the present it must suffice to point 
out certain facts relating to farm expenses which may be useful in 
making comparisons between the farming of this region and that 
of other regions where different conditions prevail. 
Table L shows the interesting fact that on all sizes of owner farms 
in the Chester County survey area the expense of conducting the 
farm business is from 39 to 47 per cent of the total farm receipts. 
There appears to be no particular relation between size of farm and 
the percentage of receipts required to meet expenses. ‘There is an 
undoubted relation of this kind between type of farming and ex- 
penses, but since on the 378 owner farms there is little relation 
between type of farming and size of farm, this relation is not made 
evident in the tabulated data. 
TasBLE L.—Proportion of receipts required for operating expenses. 
SizZeroltprabit (ACTOS) .so. 24 css key ieee ee 13 to 40. | 41 to 60. | 61 to 80, | 81 to 100. | 101 to 120.| 121 to 160. 
NTI SRO MATINS yew cel Bae ees ee 54 61 60 68 52 61 
Proportion of receipts required for operat- | Per cent. | Per cent. | Per cent. | Per cent. | Per cent. | Per cent. 
HE OHOVGOCAS, Ques oucasssssuescbeasomanss 44.7 39.1 41.3 42.6 45. 4 42.2 
; | Land. 
: All Tenant | Tenant’s sean : 
SiZeoldarim (ACKOS) 2.8.6. 52225-4-s4--52--- Over 160. ans. |) Genes. eeearcl lord’s | Specials. 
share 
INTIMA RIOMATINS <= 2 oo.(s.c coc sssccckce sce s 22 378 124 124 124 27 
Proportion of receipts required for operat- | Per cent. | Per cent. | Per cent. 
47.1 
t. | Per cent. | Per cent. | Per cent. 
MMeHOXPENSeS, CLC. =. 5-8. .scs2eccc5--c20 43.2 41.0 52.4 48.7 
28.0 
On the average for all the owners, current expenses amount to 43.2 
per cent of the total receipts. On the 124 tenant farms itis a little less 
than this, being just 41 per cent. It appears that both tenant and 
landlord are somewhat more economical in the matter of expenditures 
than is the case with those who operate their own farms, which is to 
be expected. The owrier who operates his own farm has not only 
a labor income, but interest on his capital as well with which to pro- 
vide the family living. The tenant has little more than his labor 
income, while the landlord has only his income on capital. In the 
case of both landlord and tenant economy is thus more a matter of 
necessity than it is in the case of the owner operator. 
While the total expense of landlord and tenant combined amounts 
to 41 per cent of the receipts on tenant farms (not counting rent), 
the data in Table L shows that the tenant expends 52.4 per cent and 
the landlord 28 per cent ot his receipts in the conduct of the farm 
business. On the 27 special farms on which a hothouse business is 
