20 BULLETIN 292, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
is not common east of Cape Lisburne, and its presence at Point Bar- 
row may- be more or less casual. It breeds south to Seldovia, Alaska 
(Chapman), and the Shumagin Islands, Alaska (Dall), while a speci- 
men taken at Yakutat, Alaska, June 21, 1899, and now in the U. S. 
National Museum, indicates that the subspecies may breed in that 
locality. 
It is abundant on the eastern Aleutians, but much less common 
west of Unimak Pass, though it was not rare on Kiska Island, June 
17-21, 1911 (Wetmore), and occurs on the Near Islands (Turner). 
On the Asiatic side it is abundant on the Commander Islands (Stej- 
neger) and breeds south to the Kurils (Saunders). It breeds on 
the Arctic coast of Siberia west to Koliutschin Islands, and ranges 
west to Chaun Bay (Thayer and Bangs). 
Winter range.— -The Pacific kittiwake is commonly believed to 
winter in the Aleutians, but there seems to be no certain record of 
its occurrence there at that season. It does winter at Sitka, Alaska 
(Willett), and on the coast of southern British Columbia — Discovery 
Island, January, 1896 (Kermode) — and thence south along the coast 
regularly to central California, and occasionally to southern Cali- 
fornia and northern Lower California: Paso Robles, March 31, 1913, 
(Thompson); Playa del Ray, January 9, 1906, and December 30, 
1911 (Willett); Alamitos Bay, April 14, 1907 (Linton); San Diego, 
February 26, 1895 (Anthony) ; San Geronimo Island, Lower Califor- 
nia, March 15, 1897 (Kaeding). Kittiwakes are probably more com- 
mon during winter along the coasts of northern California, Oregon, 
and Washington than is indicated by the scant half dozen records 
for this long coast. 
On the Asiatic side there seem to be no winter records farther south 
than the southern limit of the breeding range on the Kurile Islands, 
indicating that these most southerly breeding kittiwakes are non- 
migratory. The more northern breeders retire so far to the south- 
ward that they do not winter on the Commander Islands (Stejneger) . 
Spring migration. — The first kittiwakes arrived at St. Paul Island, 
Pribilofs, April 20, 1909 (Island log), and April 24, 1911 (Hanna) ; 
at St. Michael, Alaska, May 6, 1851 (Adams); and Point Barrow, 
Alaska, June 2, 1898 (Stone). The first were noted in 1883 on Ber- 
ing Island about April 1 (Stejneger). 
Eggs were taken at Walrus Island hi Bristol Bay, Alaska, June 
8, 1889, and at Cape Lisburne, June 10, 1885 (specimens in U. S. 
National Museum). The nesting season is much prolonged, for eggs 
were obtained at Seldovia as late as July 24, 1903 (Chapman), and 
on St. Paul Island to August 2, 1890 (specimens in U. S. National 
Museum) . 
Kittiwakes were last seen at Point Pinos, Cal., April 25, 1907 (Beck) ; 
and they were still present at Port Townsend, Wash., May 19, 1911 
