FOREST PLANTING IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES. 35 
Douglas fir has been planted on poor stony soils in southern Michi- 
gan and Ohio and on poor sandy soils in Rhode Island, and so far 
has done very well. It is hardy and grows fairly rapidly. The 
Rocky Mountain or northern Idaho variety should prove to be an 
admirable tree for planting in the eastern region, but the Pacific 
Coast variety may be damaged by frost. 
White spruce has lately come into favor in the Middle West as a 
tree for windbreaks, and would probably do as well in the northeast. 
It does not grow as rapidly as Norway spruce, but retains its lower 
foliage better, and at the age of about 40 years, when Norway spruce 
is likely to become ragged, is in its best condition for windbreak pur- 
poses. For this purpose it should not be spaced more closely than 
12 by 12 feet. On account of its tolerance, it is well adapted for 
underplanting old deteriorating stands of cottonwood or maple. 
TaBLE 10.—Species and methods for planting in different regions. 
TREELESS REGION. 
at 
| Soil. 
Species to plant. | | Spacing. Planting method. Products. Age. 
| 
/ wee | Years. 
Cottonwood....| Moist soil; sandy | 15x 15 and under- | Plant cuttings in | Lumberandcord- | 30-40 
river bottom plant with silver a furrow. wood, 
best. maple, or plant 
2 to 4 feet apart 
in rows. 5 
Silver maple....| Fresh to moist | 6x 8..-..........- Sow seed direct. ..| Cordwood......... 25-40 
nate or sandy 
Green ash...... {ern | (72961 le i: eli a ite Sow seed direct or | Handle material, | 40-50 
slit method. farm timbers. 
Hardy catalpa. . Wall-drained leatat 86 x Sas FOL ake Slit method....... POSbSesiet ate eee 18-20 
or sandy loam. 
Biack wainwt--5|255-200s, a2... -= = ZOE a Ne ey Ree ge Sow seed direct....| Lumber........_-- 50-75 
European larch.}..... OO setae eee 12: x 12; fillin toa | Slit method....... Poles; postSeseas.- 25-40 
6 x 6 spacing 
with white pine. 
White pine. .... Woon a ran ed 16x62 S85. 5.8 Slit ,Or tier Ow, | uniberts. 2 25-2-— 3 50 
sandy or loam method. 
soils. 
White spruce...| Fresh to moist | Forwindbreak)..... doris) ae ese Lumber, pulp, 60 
loam. 10 x 10. cordwood. 
Norway spruce.}..... Goze Fe AIGA. GOS Asche Slit method si es. .|22522 OLSETLE Bettie 50 
HARDWOOD REGION. 
Black walnut...) Well-drained | 6x6.............. Sow seed direct... ..| Lumber, pulp, | 50-75 
black or clay Bocdlenpod 
loam. 
White mash e.2o2). bee GOP eee ss 6 ode Aare A tiem ni a en Sow seed direct or | Handle material, | 40-50 
slit method. farm timbers. 
Green ashe 2 24 te ose Geer esas t03 AKA scostcneene testes: downer sess cast Peck COs ose soe 40-50 
Hardy catalpa..|...-. DOr s cre ss: - W/o he AR ae teat Slit method.....-- Postsuteenase ess 18-20 
Tulip poplar....| Moist loam........ oD. Se eerie ee aaa eh Ae DOs: Hse. wumber:255..: 282 40-50 
White pine..... Sandy soil or grav- | 6x6..............|--.-- GSE T eS. Sea es k Co (0 ee ge eee 50 
elly loam. 
ROU Oak o8) Set aa Te fe ee GemiGRO hs. h42-4 22 | Sow: seed directia-tl2 2) 2d0. 5-3 2. aase 50 
NORTHEAST REGION. 
White pine..... Sandy or gravelly | 6x6.......-...... Sow seed direct; | Lumber........... 50 
loam; rocky hill- dig hole for each 
sides. tree; slit method. 
enw ay juices.) oor Sandy. or’ |'6.x.8...2....-.----|-.--- OM ee Meal G0)... =. sees 50-60 
gravelly soils. 
Norway spruce.| Heavier loam soils. Dicky DLLOKG kG eee, Slit method; dig |....- Gok. See. ies 50-60 
hole for each tree. 
Fuedsoak 32522. : Sandy or clay soils.| 6x 6............-- Sow seed direct... .).....do......--..-- 50 
Yellow poplar!.; Moist loam soil....| 8x 8........-..--- Slit method.......|-.--. dO: S34. ose 40-50 
1 Yellow poplar should not be planted farther north than southern New York or southern New England. 
—e 
