62 BULLETIN 824, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Table 39. — Analysis of adulterated commercial insect powders — Continued. 
Sam- 
ple 
No. 
Made in- 
Ash in- 
Nitro- 
Ash 
soluble 
gen, N. 
in 
HC1. 
Per ct. 
Per ct. 
Per ct. 
0.954 
7.14 
0.85 
.856 
5.70 
.90 
.947 
5.66 
.56 
.849 
7.62 
1.14 
.807 
6.36 
.61 
1.030 
6.69 
1.42 
1.185 
7.18 
1.13 
.887 
6.06 
.37 
1.060 
7.19 
.74 
.954 
6.16 
.61 
.772 
4.96 
.59 
1.145 
10.12 
4.31 
1.015 
6.09 
.40 
.786 
5.27 
.66 
1.040 
6.57 
.80 
1.165 
6.75 
.83 
1.090 
7.05 
.70 
1.050 
8.68 
3.18 
1.120 
7.00 
.76 
.898 
6.38 
.69 
1.170 
6.10 
.82 
Color of ether extract. 
Adulterants. 
17384 
17420 
17998 
18153 
19145 
19846 
20765 
20786 
20787 
20793 
20940 
21115 
22215 
23161 
23369 
23479 
23547 
24030 
24768 
24769 
25046 
United States 
....do.... 
....do.... 
....do.... 
....do.... 
do 
....do.... 
....do.... 
....do.... 
....do.... 
do.... 
do.... 
do.... 
do.... 
do.... 
do.... 
do.... 
do.... 
do.... 
do 
.....do.... 
Green 
do.... 
do.... 
.do. 
Strong green 
do 
Greenish yellow . 
Strong green 
Green 
do 
Strong green 
Greenish yellow. 
Dirty green 
Strong green 
Green 
do 
do 
do 
do 
Strong green 
Green 
All stems. 
Do. 
Stems. 
All stems. 
Stems. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Stems and sand. 
Potassium chr ornate and stems. 
All stems. 
Stems. 
Do. 
Do. 
Stems and sand. 
Stems. 
Do. 
Do. 
Table 40. — Analysis of commercial powders containing stems, amounts declared, made 
from "open" flowers and stems. 
Sample No. 
Nitrogen, 
N. 
P 2 6 . 
Stems 
stated 
to be 
present. 
Stems calculated 
from— 
Moan. 
Error. 
Nitrocen, 
N. 
P,0 5 . 
12031 
Per cent. 
0.891 
1.080 
1.135 
.950 
.947 
1.030 
.887 
1.060 
.954 
.786 
1.040 
1.090 
1.050 
Per cent. 
0.289 
.402 
.385 
Per cent. 
75 
50 
50 
50 
75 
50 
70 
40 
50 
100 
50 
50 
50 
Per cent. 
75 
37 
26 
63 
64 
47 
76 
41 
62 
96 
45 
35 
43 
Per cent. 
81 
43 
49 
Per cent. 
78 
40 
38 
Per cent. 
+ 3 
- 10 
- 12 
12073 
12658 
14039 
+ 13 
_ 1 
14362 
.284 
83 
74 
19846 
— 3 
20786 
.316 
.390 
72 
47 
74 
44 
62 
+ 4 
+ 4 
+ 12 
— 4 
20787 
20793 
23161 
23369 
— 5 
23547 
— 15 
24030 
— 7 
1 
Maximum error 
15 
7 
From Table 40 it is evident that the amount of stems in commercial 
insect powder determined by the proposed method of calculation from 
the values for nitrogen and phosphorus pentoxid agrees within an 
average of less than 10 per cent of the amount declared to be present. 
In some cases the ash and acid-insoluble ash contents in insect 
powders have been found to be higher than they should be, based on 
those determinations made on samples of known purity and on 
samples of flowers and stems. Some jobbers have claimed that the 
high ash content of their product was due to the addition by the 
manufacturer of siliceous material during the grinding or to the intro- 
