COST OF PRODUCING WINTER WHEAT IN OREGON 37 
FAMILY LIVING FROM THE FARM 
The quantities of farm-produced dairy, poultry, pork, and beef 
products (Table 33) are sufficient to care for the needs of 2 adults, 2 
children under 16 years of age, and 64 days of hired labor which it 
is assumed would board in the farmer's family. In addition, these 
farms should contribute a considerable quantity of garden products 
toward the family living. 
Table 33. — Farm-produced food for home consumption on a 640-acre farm 1 
Item 
Quantity 
Value 
Dairy products: 
Butter 
______ __ ...pounds.. 
124 
213 
25 
25 
170 
560 
200 
$43 
... gallons.. 
36 
Poultry and poultry products: 
Cockerels ... 
.number.. 
15 
Old hens _ . 
do 
12 
Eggs _ 
. .. dozens 
60 
Dressed pork ... 
. .. pounds.. 
95 
do 
16 
75 
Total 
352 
i Family consisting of 2 adults and 2 children under 16 years of age, and provides for 64 days of hired man 
labor. 
EFFECT ON THE FARM ORGANIZATION OF INCREASING THE SIZE OF BUSINESS 
A 1,280-acre farm, operated with horses, has been taken to illus- 
trate the effect on the farm organization of increasing the size of 
business. The organization of this farm would be similar to that of 
the 640-acre farm operated with horses. The division of the farm 
area would be as follows: Winter wheat, 412 acres; wheat hay, 51 
acres; wheat pasture, 15 acres; barley, 17 acres; summer-fallow, 
480 acres; waste, 15 acres; and native pasture, 290 acres. 9 
Provision has been made for the farm production of the feeds 
required for the livestock with the exception of a small quantity of 
chicken feed as well as all of the dairy and meat products required 
for the family and hired labor. The number of work stock would 
be increased from 14 to 28, and the 2-year-old and yearling colts 
from 2 to 3 each. This would allow for the sale of 3 young horses 
each year. The number of hogs kept would be increased by one to 
take care of the increased requirements of pork products for home 
consumption, and the other livestock would remain the same as on 
the smaller farm. 
Practically a double set of most of the tillage implements would 
he required and a 16-foot combine and a 6-foot binder would take 
the place of the 12-foot combine and 5-foot reaper which were suitable 
for the smaller farm. 
Standard requirements for the field work and the season at which 
this work should be done are shown in Table 34. 
As in the case of the smaller farm the requirements for field work 
provide for the fullest utilization of the work stock and equipment, 
and require the minimum of hired labor. The program calls for an 
extra man to help with the summer-fallow and seeding work and also 
extra labor during the harvest period. One man would start hauling 
wheat to market with a 6-horse outfit about one week after wheat 
9 The percentage shown as nontillable acreage is considerably larger than for the 640-acre farm. Some 
large farms favoi ably situated may have a larger acreage of cultivated land than shown in this example. 
