FARM PRACTICE IN THE CULTIVATION OF COTTON. 
instead of being plowed flat, subsoiling is practiced only in those 
furrows immediately under the row. 
Table III indicates that where a light or loamy soil is underlain 
with a heavy clay subsoil, as in Robeson County, N. C, subsoiling 
is more often employed with good results than where the subsoil is 
light or where the topsoil is a heavy clay. 
Table III. — Practices ivith cotton in nineteen regions surveyed, showing data in regard 
to subsoiling, drainage, and tillage before plowing. 
The kev letters under "Region surveyed" refer to the location of farms studied, as follows: A= Pemiscot 
County, Mo.: B= Mississippi Delta; C= Robeson County, N. C; D= Mecklenburg County, N. C; E 
Barnwell County, S. C; F=Pike County, Ga.; G=Tift County, Ga.; H= Giles County, Tenn.; 1= 
Bulloch County, Ga.; J=St. Francis County, Ark.; K= Ellis County, Tex.; L= Chambers Couuty, Ala; 
M=Johnston County, Okla.; N= Jefferson Comity, Fla.; 0= Lincoln Parish, La.; P= Lavaca County, 
Tex.; Q= Houston Comity, Tex.; R= Monroe County, Miss.; S= Bexar County, Tex.] 
Subsoiling. 
Drainage. 
Tillage before plowing. 
Region 
Farmers 
practic- 
ing. 
Aver- 
age 
depth. 
Opinions of 
farmers 
reporting. 
Ter- 
races or 
surface 
ditches. 
Open 
ditches. 
Part 
tiled. 
All 
tiled. 
Farmers 
practic- 
ing. 
Farmers using. 
surveyed 
(fig. i). 
Stalk 
Harrow. 
Good. 
Bad. 
cut- 
ter. 
Disk. 
Spike- 
tooth. 
A 
Per cent, \lnches. 
P.ct. 
P.ct. 
P.ct. 
20 
20 
12 
100 
20 
52 
50" 
24 
60 
72 
100 
P.ct. 
48 
76 
84 
44' 
44 
84 
40 
56 
40 
28 
28 
P.ct. 
P.ct. 
Per cent. 
88 
92 
100 
52 
76 
92 
100 
44 
88 
84 
76 
40 
84 
60 
60 
100 
P.ct. 
88 
92 
88 
40 
76 
92 
96 
32 
84 
84 
72 
40 
84 
60 
60 
100 
' 64 
76 
76 
P.ct. 
12 
4 
88 
12 
4 
P.ct, 
B 
8 
48 
60 
24 
44 
16 
12 
8 
4 
8 
1H 
10 
10 
m 
ii} 
10| 
12' 
10 
ioo 
91.5 
46.5 
33.5 
91 
50 
100 
100 
100 
"k'.s 
53.5 
66.5 
9 
25 
8 
8 
16 
4 
C 
D.... 
E 
F 
4 
G.. 
16 
4 
4 
H 
16 
8 
I 
J .. 
K 
4 
L 
48 
10 
% 58.5 
41.5 
12 
M 
N 
4 
20 
12 
52 
12 
16 
88 
44 
48 
. 

10 
40 
60 
P 
Q 
12 I 
40 10 
66.5 
70 
33.5 
30 
76 
76 
80 
12 
R 
H 4 | 
S 

4 
i 1 
! 
DRAINAGE. 
The kind of drainage employed is governed by the type of soil, the 
topography, the amount of rainfall, and the value of land. There are 
three principal types of drainage employed (Table III) : Terraces and 
surface ditches, open ditches, and tile drains. 
Surface ditches and terraces are employed where the rainfall is 
heavy and the land rolling. In most sections of the cotton belt the 
organic content of the soil is very low and the rainfall high. In those 
areas having a clay or clay-loam soil and a rolling topography numer- 
ous surface ditches and terraces are required to carry off the surface 
water and prevent erosion. (Fig. 2.) 
Open ditches are employed in flat or level lands having poor 
drainage conditions. These ditches answer the same purpose as tile 
drains. They usually surround the fields and occupy considerable 
land that otherwise might be cultivated. 
