46 
BULLETIN 1377, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
In Table 47 is given a summary of the average yields of wheat, corn, 
and oats grown in rotation on limed and unlimed soil at Wooster, 
Ohio, and of cotton at Florence, S. C, for the periods indicated. For 
comparison, the yields of other crops, not included in the study of 
rotation values, are added; namely, those of clover and timothy on 
the same Wooster plots, of oats, corn, and peavine hay (cowpeas) on 
the plots at Florence, and also the yields of corn, oats, wheat, and hay 
on the long-continued Pennsylvania plots (Hagerstown silt loam). 
In the last right-hand column are given the absolute measures, in 
bushels or pounds, of the increase in fertilizer efficiency due to the 
alteration of the soil reaction as effected by liming. 
Table 47. — Effect of liming on the efficiency of fertilizers 
Crop 
Period of 
test 
Wheat (Wooster). 
Corn (Wooster)... 
Oats (Wooster). 
Cotton (South 
Carolina). 
Clover (Wooster). 
Timothy (Woos- 
ter). 
Oats (South Caro- 
lina). 
Corn (South Car- 
olina) . 
Peavine hay I 
(South Carolina)! 
Corn (Pennsyl- i 
vania) . 
Oats (Pennsyl- ' 
vania).. 
Wheat (Pennsyl- ' 
vania) . 
Hay (Pennsyl- \ 
vania). 
Fertilizer treatment 
(crops grown in 
rotation) 
Units of 
measure 
Increase 
L?-«* * e ^increase «• 
yield per 
acre on j due to 
laciS^fr.^ 1 ! liming 
limed : 
1906-1918(13 
years) . 
1900-1918(19 1 
years) . 
1901 and! 
1905-1918 ! 
(15 years). ; 
1914-1919 (6 j 
years) . 
1903-1918(16 
years) . 
1906-1918(13 
years) . 
1914-1919.... 
do 
Complete 
fertilizer. 
Manure... 
Complete 
fertilizer. 
Manure... 
Complete 
fertilizer. 
Manure... 
Complete 
fertilizer. 
....do 
Manure. .. 
Complete 
fertilizer. 
Manure... 
Complete 
fertilizer. 
.....do 
chemical 
i 
chemical 
chemical 
Bushels. 
..do. 
..do. 
.do. 
chemical Pounds. 
chemical 
chemical 
...do 
...do 
...do 
...do 
Bushels. 
do Complete chemical 
fertilizer. 
1882-1921 Manure (6 tons per 
acre) . 5 
do Manure (residual 
effects. 
do Manure (6 tons per 
acre) . 
do Manure (residual 
effects) . 
...do 
Pounds . 
Bushels. 
...do 
...do 
Pounds. 
31.7 
25.1 
48.9 
44.2 
52.8 
41.9 
1,925 
2,496 
2,246 
3,117 
3,205 
60.4 
54.8 
2,473 
56.3 
42.1 
23.8 
3,804 
32.2 
26.8 
54.5 
48.9 
53.2 
44.0 
1,929 
3,320 
3,011 
4,095 
4,433 
60.0 
56.8 
2,434 
62.5 
43.7 
23.8 
4,223 
ciency 
due to 
alteration 
of soil 
reaction* 
0.5 
1.7 
5.6 
4.7 ' 
0.4 
2.1 I 
4.0 j 
824 I 
765 
978 ! 
1,228 ' 
-0.4 
2.0 
-39.0 
6.2 
1.6 
.0 
419 
0.0 
.0 
1.4 
.5 
.0 
.0 
68 
191 
115 
109 
256 
.6 
.7 
.0 
5.2 
2.2 
.0 
275 
1 See Tables 29 and 46 for plots and fertilizer treatments at Wooster and Florence. 
2 Yields for liming period at Wooster calculated from Tables 31 and 33; for cotton, Bull. 209, S. C. Exper. 
Sta., p. 4. 
« For Ohio yields, Bull. 336 Ohio Exper. Sta v pp. 599-601. 
4 Calculated from results published in bulletins to which reference has been made. 
« Bull. 175, Pa. Exper. Sta., p. 9. Plots included are: Average 1, 8, 14, 24, and 36, check plots; 16, manure 
but no lime; 23, burnt lime but no manure; 22, manure and burnt lime. 
Two important facts are brought out in the results given in Table 
47: (1) Though the yield of a nonleguminous crop fertilized and 
grown in rotation may average larger on an acid soil whose reaction 
has been altered by liming than on the same soil unlimed, the greater 
yield may not at all be due to any increase in the efficiency of the 
fertilizer as may have been effected by the alteration or change of 
the soil reaction; (2) under similar conditions, as described under (1), 
only a portion of the increase in yield may be due to increased effi- 
ciency of the fertilizer used. 
