FARM ORGANIZATION IN SOUTHWESTERN MINNESOTA 49 
Table 37. — Unit requirements per animal unit per year for colts, 1921 
Farm No. 1 
Head 
Corn 
Oats 
Tame 
hay 
and 
alfalfa 
Wild 
hay 
and 
fodder 
Pas- 
ture 2 
Total 
grain 
Total 
rough- 
age 
Labor 
Veter- 
inary 
Man 
Horse 
medi- 
cine 
6 
No 
0.4 
.7 
1.4 
2.0 
2.8 
3.0 
3. 1 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.4 
9.0 
14.2 
Lbs. 
1,660 
1,417 
833 
680 
1,497 
173 
1,000 
Lbs. 
1,195 
"I," 628* 
972 
749 
100 
1,244 
Lbs. 
6,050 
1,012 
""606" 
""747" 
""""38" 
Lbs. 
Days 
Lbs. 
2,855 
1,417 
2,461 
1,652 
2,246 
273 
2,244 
"""294" 
586 
1,338 
148 
1,971 
Lbs. 
6,050 
1,829 
4,433 
2,561 
3,738 
1,802 
3,631 
185 
3,195 
567 
1,778 
486 
1,357 
Hours 
Hours 1 Dollars 
10 
817 
4,433 
1,955 
3,738 
1,055 
3,631 
147 
3,195 
567 
957 
486 
577 
89 
64 
146 
184 
322 
223 
165 
207 
310 
272 
43 
18 .. 
47 
12 
15-.. 
1 
19 
9 
5 
7- 
0.67 
22 
294 
586 
997 
148 
816 
3 
1 
1.0 
2 
341 
821 
14--. 
8 
1 
9. 5 1 
4__. 
1,155 
780 
1 
Average: 
53 head, 1921 
48 head, 1920 
4.1 
3.4 
598 
608 
527 
318 
354 
1,129 
1,248 
730 
173 
216 
1,125 
926 
1,602 
1,859 
3 
17 
2 
3 
.07 
.14 
1 Farms are arrayed in order of number of head per farm, beginning with the lowest. 
2 Pasture is expressed in terms of animal unit days. This must be multiplied by the number of head 
composing an animal unit to get actual days of pasture. For example, 100 animal unit days of pasture for 
a 1-year old colt is the equivalent of 200 days spent on pasture. 
FEED REQUIREMENT FOR COLTS 
The wide variations in feed requirements for colts represent largely 
differences in practices on different farms. Usually more grain is 
fed to colts under 1 year than to older animals. Colts were born 
during the year on farms 4, 6, 10, 15, and 18. These farms show high 
grain-feeding requirements. Usually less grain is fed where a large 
amoimt of pasture is utilized. Farm 9 is an exception to this, because 
grain was fed while the colts were on pasture. On farm 7 there were 
four yearling colts that received no grain and very little roughage. 
They ran in the pasture and stalk fields part of the year and received 
a ration of oat straw the remainder of the time. They made little 
growth during the year. On farms 3 and 14 liberal feeding of straw 
was practiced, and on most of the farms straw formed part of the 
ration for colts. No record was kept of the amount of straw fed. 
LABOR REQUIREMENTS FOR COLTS 
Very little labor is required for colts in addition to that expended 
on work horses. In this study all labor on colts until they were 
weaned is included with that on work horses. After weaning, the 
colts spend most of their time in the pasture or stalk fields and require 
little care. The time spent daily on colts was usually so small that 
it was not reported. Farm 18 reported the largest amount of labor 
expended on colts. This consisted largely in caring for a fall colt. 
Spring colts are turned out on pasture soon after birth, but fall colts 
require more care and stabling. 
STANDARD REQUIREMENTS FOR COLTS 
On account of the variety of practices in raising colts on these 
farms, it is practically impossible to work out significant standards. 
94630°— 24t k 
