56 
BULLETIN 1271, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
relative to beef prices, all the cows in the herd can be milked and the 
calves either vealed or raised on skim milk. Should the price of 
butterfat drop below beef relatively, these same cows may be al- 
lowed to nurse their calves and their entire product marketed as 
beef. During the years of this study butterfat was relatively high 
in price and more cows were being milked than would ordinarily be 
the case. About one-third of the cattle in these mixed herds were 
cows. The remainder were calves, yearlings, and 2-year-olds. From 
15 to 20 per cent of all calves born were sold as veal. The remainder 
were raised to be retained in the breeding herd or sold as stockers, 
feeders, or fat cattle. 
Table 40. — Unit requirements per animal unit per year for mixed cattle enter- 
prise, 1921 
Farm No. 1 
Head 
Corn 
Small 
grain 
Tame 
hay 
and 
alfalfa 
Wild 
hay 
Fodder 
Silage 
Pas- 
ture J 
2 . .- 
Number 
81 
15 
34 
38 
33 
16 
25 
17 
31 
23 
27 
30 
23 
26 
89 
Pounds 
1,887 
"""399" 
375 
539 
449 
191 
1,069 
572 
358 
427 
662 
198 
2,065 
1.424 
Pounds 
106 
16 
117 
131 
68 
459 
826 
538 
120 
81 
116 
447 
67 
454 
891 
Pounds 
1,243 
""818" 
206 
328 
1,446 
1,702 
516 
488 
"i,"750" 
1,887 
"I,"748~ 
Pounds 
1,083 
3,299 
1,296 
920 
61 
96 
198 
1,049 
"1,644" 
1,226 
"2,"969" 
24 
Pounds 
Pounds 
Days 
275 
22 - 
404 
1,318 
210 
150 
"2," 795" 
6,520 
225 
12 - --. 
163 
7 ... . .-- -- 
240 
14 
188 
10 
226 
13 
1,315 
779 
1,230 
"l, 167" 
272 
355 
783 
57 
"~5,"959" 
"6," 549" 
7,112 
3,221 
2,176 
160 
19 
248 
3 
213 
18 
196 
5 -. 
253 
11 
148 
16 - - 
236 
20 -- 
151 
4 . 
198 
Average : 
508 head, 1921 
34 
29 
897 
431 
350 
176 
971 
1,312 
753 
757 
455 
673 
2,178 
2,489 
210 
321 head, 1920 
188 
Total 
grain 
Total 
dry 
roughage 
Labor 
Veter- 
inary, 
medicine, 
etc. 
Value of product 
Farm No. 1 
Man 
Horse 
Stock 
Dairy 
products 
2 - 
Pounds 
1,993 
16 
516 
506 
607 
908 
1,017 
1,607 
692 
439 
543 
1,109 
265 
2,519 
2,315 
Pounds 
2,326 
3,703 
3,432 
1,336 
574 
1,542 
3,215 
2,344 
1,718 
1,044 
2,393 
2,022 
2,242 
3,752 
1,829 
Hours 
38 
54 
32 
90 
81 
83 
81 
59 
74 
76 
105 
114 
105 
74 
Hours 
2.3 
7.6 
.8 
2.8 
6.0 
2.8 
1.1 
2.9 
.5 
4.3 
4.1 
2.5 
1.9 
1.9 
2.2 
Dollars 
0.34 
Dollars 
15.40 
10.09 
8.76 
21.84 
13.88 
7.41 
16.72 
8.51 
26.80 
25.82 
16.22 
13.79 
8.75 
20.25 
35.64 
Dollars 
5.69 
22 
13 01 
12 
16.52 
7 
7.33 
14 . 
16 17 
10 
.05 
1.32 
.15 
.12 
.35 
23.09 
13 
14.51 
19 . 
29.36 
3 
13.16 
18... 
15.16 
5... 
25.91 
11... 
.12 
28.93 
16... 
36.06 
20 
.16 
35.21 
4 
21.49 
Average: 
508 head, 1921 .. 
1,247 
607 
2,179 
2,742 
72 
63 
2.6 
4.6 
.17 
.21 
19.37 
19.90 
19.02 
321 head, 1920 
27. 12 
1 Farms are arrayed in order of total value of product, beginning wit h the lowest. 
• Bee footnote 2, Table 37, p. 49. 
On one farm the calves were fed out as baby beef and sold at about 
18 months of age. There was considerable range in the time of the 
year that the calves were dropped. They were fairly evenly distrib- 
uted through the year from November to May, inclusive. Few 
calves were born during the summer and early fall. As has already 
been noted, there was a wide range between different farms in the 
