52 BULLETIN 1485, U. S. DEPAKTMENT OF AGEICULTUEE 
By Soda Process 
Reduces readily. 
Unbleached pulp: Rather difficult to bleach. 
Yields: 35 to 40 per cent. 
Bleach required: 25 to 30 per cent. 12 
By Mechanical Process 
Behavior probably similar to that of black gum. 
Red Maple (Acer rubrum) 
Other names in use. — Swamp maple, soft maple, and water maple. The trade 
name of the lumber, mixed with that of silver maple, is soft maple. 
Range. — From Newfoundland to southern Florida and westward to western 
Wisconsin, northwestern Minnesota, southeastern Iowa, eastern Oklahoma, 
southwestern Oklahoma, southwestern Arkansas, and eastern Texas. 
Oven-dry weight per cubic foot, green volume. — 30 pounds. 
Fiber length. — 0.8 mm. 
By Sulphite Process 
Reduces very easily. 
Unbleached pulp: Of rather poor color; usually contains small black specks, 
which disappear upon bleaching; easily bleached. 
Yields: 45 to 50 per cent. 
Bleach required: 5 to 15 per cent. 
By Soda Process 
Reduces vary easily. 
Unbleached pulp: Fairly easy to bleach. 
Yields: 40 to 45 per cent. 
Bleach required: 15 to 20 per cent. 
By Mechanical Process 
Behavior probably similar to that of black gum. 
Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum) 
Other names in use. — Hard maple, sugar-tree, and rock maple. The lumber is 
called hard maple and white maple by the trade. 
Range. — From southern Newfoundland and Nova Scotia (along the St. Law- 
rence and Saguenay Rivers, Lake St. John, and the northern borders of the Great 
Lakes) to Lake of the Woods, Ontario, Minnesota, northeastern South Dakota, 
Iowa, eastern Kansas, central and southeastern Oklahoma, southwestern Arkan- 
sas, and eastern Louisiana; south (through the Northern States and on the 
Allegheny Mountains) to northern Georgia; west to eastern Nebraska, eastern 
Kansas, and eastern Texas. 
Oven-dry weight per cubic foot, green volume. — 35 pounds. 
Fiber length. — 
By Sulphite Process 
Reduces very easily. 
Unbleached pulp: Of excellent color; bleaches easily. 
Yields: 45 to 50 per cent. 
Bleach required: 10 to 20 per cent. 
By Soda Process 
Reduces with some difficulty. 
Unbleached pulp: Rather difficult to bleach. 
Yields: 40 to 45 per cent. 
Bleach required: 25 to 30 per cent. 13 
By Mechanical Process 
Behavior probably similar to that of black gum. 
13 About 15 to 20 per cent when cooked by sulphate process to yields stated. 
13 About 20 to 27 per cent when cooked by sulphate process to yields stated. 
