THE SUITABILITY OF AMERICAN WOODS FOR PAPER PULP 57 
By Mechanical Process 
Not determined. 
Ohio Buckeye (Aesculus glabra) 
Other names in use. — Buckeye, American horse chestnut, and stinking buckeye. 
Range. — From Pennsylvania (western slopes of the Allegheny Mountains) to 
northern Alabama, and' west to southern Iowa, northeastern Kansas, Missouri, 
and southeastern Nebraska. 
Oven-dry weight per cubic foot, green volume. — 21 pounds. 
Fiber length. — 
By Sulphite Process 
Reduces readily. 
Unbleached pulp: Silver-gray in color; rather difficult to bleach. 
Yields: 45 to 50 per cent. 
Bleach required: 20 to 25 per cent. 
By Soda Process 
Reduces fairly readily. 
Unbleached pulp: Rather difficult to bleach. 
Yields: 40 to 45 per cent. 
Bleach required 25 to 30 per cent. 
By Mechanical Process 
Not determined. 
Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) 
Other names in use. — This species is known only as mangrove. 
Range. — Southern coast of Florida. 
Oven-dry weight per cubic foot, green volume. — 56 pounds. 
Fiber length. — 
By Sulphite Process 
Not determined. 
By Soda Process 
Reduces readily. 
Unbleached pulp : Short fibered, rather difficult to bleach. 
Yields: 40 to 45 per cent. 
Bleach required: 25 to 30 per cent. 
On account of its exceptionally large yield on the volume basis as a result 
of its high density, this wood is worthy of consideration as a pulp material, pro- 
vided means can be devised for harvesting at reasonable cost. 
By Mechanical Process 
Not determined. 
6. HARDWOODS— RING-POROUS 
Possible uses: Reference is directed to page 20 for a discussion of the uses of 
hardwood pulps as a group. Individual species differ as to the ease or difficulty 
with which pulps of satisfactory quality can be produced rather than as to specific 
uses for which they may be suited. Therefore no discussion of specific uses of 
pulps from the individual species will be attempted in the summaries. 
Sulphate process: Practically all Ajnerican hardwoods can be pulped by the 
sulphate process as readily as by the soda process. The sulphate pulps usually 
bleach with less bleaching powder than soda pulps; otherwise the two classes show 
practically no difference in quality. The soda process, however, since it was 
established earlier than the sulphate and operates with greater freedom from 
offensive odors, has remained almost without challenge for the pulping of hard- 
woods. Therefore the sulphate process will be referred to only incidentally in 
this section. 
Common Catalpa (Catalpa bignonioides, formerly C. catalpa) 
Other names in use. — Indian bean, bean-tree, common catalpa, catawba, and 
cigar-tree. 
Range. — Believed to be indigenous only in southwestern Georgia, western 
Florida, central Alabama, Mississippi, and southwestern Missouri. It is widely 
