64 BULLETIN 1485 ; TJ. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
8. CHILEAN WOODS 23 
Olivillo 
Description. — The bark is light ash-gray, about one-half inch thick, compact, 
comparatively smooth, and is not broken into fissures nor can it be readily 
separated into scales. The wood does not resemble any commercial native 
wood. It has a very open structure and contains one-quarter by volume of 
wood fibers having walls of moderate thickness, the rest being made up of 
parenchyma or vascular tissue. 
Oven-dry weight per cubic foot, green volume. — 
Fiber lengths. — Average, 2.15 mm; maximum, 2.62 mm; minimum, 1.34 mm. 
Soda Pulp 
Olivillo yields a pulp with a longer fiber than has been obtained from any 
North American hardwoods, which would render it suitable for use unbleached 
in the manufacture of wrapping paper of considerable strength. Although it is 
rather difficult to bleach, with bleaching in two stages economical means of 
operation might possibly be evolved. Yields of 35 to 40 per cent are obtained, 
requiring 30 to 40 per cent of standard bleaching powder. 
Laurel (Laurelia aromatica) 
Range. — Laurel grows from 34° south latitude to Llanquihue, Chile. 
Description. — The bark is dark reddish brown, about one-half inch thick, 
is not broken into fissures but can be readily separated into scales. The wood 
resembles that of silver maple (Acer saccharinum) . Fiber walls are moderately 
thick. 
Oven-dry weight per cubic foot, green volume. — 
Fiber lengths. — Average, 0.86 mm.; maximum, 1.02 mm.; minimum, 0.7 mm. 
Soda Pulp 
The action of the caustic soda in cooking is slower than with most species, 
and the same is true with the solutions in bleaching. The pulp is similar to 
aspen soda pulp. Yields of 40 per cent are obtained, requiring 30 to 35 per 
cent of standard bleaching powder. 
Coigue (Noihofagus dombeyi) 
Range. — Grows abundantly throughout Chile. 
Description. — The bark is grayish, one-half inch thick, and separated into 
low flat ridges. The inner bark is very fibrous. The wood strongly resembles 
red gum (Liquidambar styracifiua) , with about the same proportion of vascular 
and woody tissue and fairly thick-walled fibers, although the pores are slightly 
larger. 
Oven-dry weight per cubic foot, green volume. — 
Fiber lengths. — Average 0.85 mm.; maximum, 1.02 mm.; minimum, 0.7 mm. 
Soda Pulp 
Coigue is readily reduced by the soda process to fairly easily bleached pulp 
similar to aspen soda pulp. Yields of 40 to 45 per cent are obtained, requiring 
15 to 20 per cent of standard bleaching powder. 
Lingue (Persea lingue) 
Range. — From Aconcagua to Llanquihue, Chile. 
Description. — The bark is deep reddish brown about one-half inch thick and 
strongly resembles that of hemlock. It is separated by narrow fissures into broad 
flat plates. The wood strongly resembles butternut (Juglans cinerea), and has 
large pores. The fibers are moderately thin-walled with comparatively large 
lumen. 
Oven-dry weight per cubic foot, green volume. — 
Fiber lengths. — Average, 1.11 mm.; maximum, 1.6 mm.; minimum, 0.61 mm. 
Soda Pulp 
Yields of 40 to45 per cent are obtained, requiring 20 to 30 per cent of standard 
bleaching powder. 
23 These woods were submitted by Senor Alejandro Rosselot, member of Congress, Santiago, Chile. . 
