THE SUITABILITY OF AMERICAN WOODS FOE PAPEE PULP 35 
Sand Pine (Pinus clausa) 
Other names in use. — Old-field pine, Florida spruce pine, scrub pine, and upland 
spruce pine. 
Range. — Coast of Alabama and western Florida; east coast of Florida from St. 
Augustine to New River. 
Oven-dry weight per cubic foot, green volume. — 29 pounds. 
Fiber length. — 
By Sulphite Process 
Reduces readily. 
Unbleached pulp: Of good color; rather weak, with fibers of average fineness; 
probably somewhat pitchy; easily bleached. 
Yields: 25 to 35 per cent (figures subject to modification by further investi- 
gation). 
Bleach required: 10 to 20 per cent. 
Uses to which the pulp is suited: Wrapping and printing papers. 
By Sulphate Process 
Reduces readily. 
Unbleached pulp: Of fair strength. 
Yields: 40 to 45 per cent. 
Bleach required: Probably more than 20 per cent. 
Uses to which the pulp is suited: High-grade kraft wrapping papers and fiber 
board. 
By Mechanical Process 
Behavior probably similar to that of jack pine. 
Scotch Pine (Pinus sylvestris) 
Other names in use. — Northern pine, Scots pine (Scotland), and Scotch fir 
(England). 
Range. — Europe, northern Asia up to 700 feet above sea-level in the far north, 
6,500 feet in southern Europe. Planted in eastern United States. 
Oven-dry weight per cubic foot, green volume. — 37 pounds (data from English 
sources) . 
Fiber length. — 
By Sulphite Process 
Reduces with difficulty and very unevenly. 
Unbleached pulp: Of fair color but shivy; probably somewhat pitchy. 
Yields: 45 to 50 per cent. 
Bleach required: 20 to 30 per cent. 
Uses to which pulp is suited: Few. Limited chiefly by content of pitch and 
shives. 
By Sulphate Process 
Reduces readily. 
Unbleached pulp: Of good strength. 
Yields: 40 to 45 per cent of strong pulp, 35 to 40 per cent of pulp for bleaching. 
Bleach required: 20 to 30 per cent in one stage, 10 to 20 per cent in two stages. 
Uses to which pulp is suited: High-grade kraft wrapping papers and fiber 
board. 
Turpentine may probably be recovered from the digester relief in quantities 
sufficient to warrant consideration. 
By Mechanical Process 
Behavior probably similar to that of jack pine. 
Virginia Pine (Pinus virginiana) 
Other names in use. — Scrub pine, Jersey pine, and spruce pine. The lumber is 
often sold as North Carolina pine. 
Range. — Mainly from central and southern New Jersey and central, southern, 
and western Pennsylvania to Georgia and northern Alabama; west into Ohio, 
southern Indiana, northeastern Mississippi, and middle Tennessee. 
Oven-dry weight per cubic foot, green volume,— 2§ pounds. 
Fiber length. — 2.8 mm. 
