34 BULLETIN 1485, U. S. DEPABTMEXT OF AGBICULTUBE 
Pitch Pixe (Pinus rigida) 
Other names in use. — Hard pine, yellow pine, and sap pine. 
Range. — From the coast of Maine to eastern Ontario, and southward in the 
Atlantic coast region to southern Virginia and along the mountains to northern 
Georgia; west to western New York, northeastern and northwestern Pennsyl- 
vania, eastern Ohio and Kentucky, and eastern Tennessee. 
Oven-dry weight per cubic foot, green volume. — 29 pounds. 
Fiber length. — 
By Sulphite Process 
Reduces with difficulty. 
Unbleached pulp: Too pitchy for commercial production; bleaches with some 
difficulty to a fairly satisfactory quality. 
Yields: 45 to 50 per cent. 
Bleach required: 30 to 40 per cent. 
Uses to winch pulp is suited: Limited chiefly by content of pitch. 
By Sulphate Process 
Reduces readily. 
Unbleached pulp: Very strong; fibers longer and coarser than spruce. 
Yields: 45 to 50 per cent of strong pulp, 38 to 43 per cent of pulp for bleaching. 
Bleach: 20 to 30 per cent in one stage, or 15 to 25 per cent in two stages. 
Uses to which pulp is suited: High-grade kraft wrapping papers, fiber board, 
and book stock. 
Turpentine may be recovered from the digester relief in quantities warranting 
consideration, 
By Mechanical Process 
Probably too resinous for successful grinding. 
Poxd Pixe {Pinus rigida serotina. formerly. P. serotina) 
Other names in use. — Spruce pine, bastard pine, pocoson pine, bay pine, black 
pine, marsh pine, and meadow pine. 
Range. — Atlantic coast region from southern New Jersey and southeastern 
Virginia to east-central Florida and probably farther south; on the west coast 
of Florida from Pensacola to Citrus County and probably much farther south. 
Range imperfectly known. 
Oven-dry weight per cubic foot, green volume. — 31 pounds. 
Fiber length. — 
By Sulphite Process 
Reduces readily. 
Unbleached pulp: Of a reddish-gray tone, about the same color as hemlock 
sulphite, but fibers somewhat coarser. Probably somewhat pitchy. Bleaches 
easily. 
Yields: 45 to 50 per cent. 
Bleach required: 10 to 20 per cent. 
Uses to which pulp is suited: Wrapping and printing papers. 
By Sulphate Process 
Reduces readily. 
Unbleached pulp: Of good strength. Fibers are longer but coarser than those 
of spruce. 
Yields: 45 to 50 per cent of strong pulp, 38 to 43 per cent of pulp for bleaching. 
Bleach required: 20 to 30 per cent in one stage, or 10 to 20 per cent in two 
stages. 
Uses to which pulp is suited: High-grade kraft wrapping papers, fiber board, 
and book stock. 
From 1 to 10 gallons (in the case of selected material) of turpentine per cord 
of wood cooked may be recovered from the digester relief. 
By Mechanical Process 
Behavior probably similar to that of loblolly pine. 
