THE SUITABILITY OF AMERICAN WOODS FOR PAPER PULP 17 
Table 5. — Species tested, and locality of growth — Continued 
Common name 
Botanical name 
Where grown 
Hardwoods (ring-porous): 
Kansas. 
Chestnut 
Castanea dentata 
Virginia. 
Hackberry ___ __ 
Celtis occidentalis.- _ __ 
Indiana. 
Sassafras variifolium 
Tennessee. 
Rock elm 
Wisconsin. 
Slippery elm ... . . 
Ulmus fulva 
Indiana. 
Wisconsin. 
White ash . _. 
Arkansas. 
Red oak . 
Quercus borealis maxima 
Quercus alba.. __ 
Tennessee. 
White oak 
Do. 
Mockernut hickory. _______ 
Hicoria alba . .. - 
Virginia. 
Georgia. 
Ailanthus _ . _ . __ 
Ailanthus altissirna . ._- 
Pennsylvania. 
Miscellaneous: 
Arizona. 
Cabbage palmetto ... _ _. 
Florida. 
Cane _ .._ 
Arundinaria macrosperma 
(?)_._ 
Louisiana. 
Chilean woods: 
Olivillo 
Chile. 
Do. 
Do. 
Lingue 
Do. 
Roble pellin _ 
Nothofagus obliqua _ 
Do. 
Quillai... 
Do. 
The material was selected from localities, within the commercial 
range of the species, where average conditions existed. Representa- 
tive specimens were taken and efforts were made to maintain the 
amounts of heartwood and sapwood in the chips at as nearly as 
possible the same proportions as would occur in the usual run of 
pulp wood at the mill. 
The Chilean woods listed were tested in response to a request from 
the Department of State in 1913. The species studied were sub- 
mitted by Alejandro Rosselot, of Santiago, Chile, and represented 
what he considered the most important Chilean species from the 
standpoint of paper manufacture. At a later date tests were made 
on pehuen (Araucaria aurocana) submitted by a Chicago lumber con- 
cern, the material having been obtained from a stand about 500 miles 
south of Mendoza, Argentina, on the eastern slope of the Andes. 
The species is native to both Argentina and Chile. The data here 
presented on South American species are not at all complete. Much 
more detailed information as to the extent of the stands of various 
species, paper consumption, transportation facilities, labor, fuel, 
water supply, etc., will be necessary before any application of the 
pulping data is warranted. 
PULPING CHARACTERISTICS OF GROUPS OF WOODS 
SOFTWOODS 
All of the spruces tested are suitable for pulping by any of the 
processes and are capable of yielding pulp of the best quality. The 
main considerations with the spruces are the size, straightness, and 
density of the wood. Although they vary somewhat in fiber length, 
even the species with the shortest fiber are capable of producing pulp 
of the best quality. 
The hemlocks are used in all chemical processes. Sulphite pulp 
from hemlock hydrates more readily than that from spruce and will 
31897°— 27 2 
