COST OF PRODUCING SUGAR BEETS IN UTAH AND IDAHO. 35 
OPENING FURROWS. 
Furrowing is the opening up of furrows between the beet rows to 
make ready for irrigation. The furrowing is usually done after the 
last cultivation, with special attachments which are provided with 
each beet cultivator. 
On many farms it is a custom to run the water in every other row 
space, alternating with each irrigation, and these are the rows which 
require special attention at the completion of the last cultivation. 
There are cases where water is run in every row space. As a rule, 
it is necessary to furrow out once for the purpose of making ditches 
and once to clean out and deepen them. The average number of 
times for furrowing approximated two in the Lehi and Garland 
Fig. 10.—Removing a canvas dam in order to permit the head of water to find a new level. 
areas, a little more than one and one-half times in the Idaho Falls 
area, and slightly more than two in the Twin Falls area. The crew 
sizes for furrowing and the rate per day correspond with the crews 
and rates for cultivation. 
IRRIGATION. 
Irrigation requires man labor only. The making of ditches and 
cleaning of laterals require some horse labor, but this has been in- 
cluded under ditching. On most farms where sugar beets are grown, 
water is supplied by surface irrigation. There are a few farms that 
have subirrigation or seepage water that raises the water table in 
the soil high enough to supply the beet crop; but these fields are 
very rare and are not generally considered as areas producing normal 
sugar beet crops. Some men grow sugar beets with only one appli- 
cation of irrigation water, but this is usually done only where the 
