COST OF PRODUCING SUGAR BEETS IN UTAH AND IDAHO. Bl 
The usual crew size was one man and three horses, but Garland 
growers utilized a crew consisting of one man and four horses. 
Average “times over’’ ranged from 3.2 for Garland to 3.8 for Idaho 
Falls. 
The spring-tooth harrow was used much less in all of these areas 
than the spike-tooth. The most common crew sizes were essentially 
the same as for the spike-tooth. 
ROLLING. 
Beet growers roll prior to planting for the purpose of creating a 
smooth, even surface for the drill. To get straight rows the driver 
must see the trail which has been left by the marker, and this line 
lie. 7.—A float used on sandy soil for the purpose of breaking clods and creating a level surface ahead of 
the drill. Here the crew consists of one man and two horses, whereas the usual crew includes one man 
and three horses. 
can be distinguished most readily on a newly rolled field. Further- 
more, a firm and smooth seed bed is essential for planting at an even 
depth. Under certain conditions the roller may be operated for the 
purpose of breaking down a cloddy surface, or it may be utilized to 
break a crust after rain when the young plants are pushing through 
the surface. This operation is known as “rolling beets.’’ Rolling the 
land before cultivation, especially before the blocking and thinning 
are done, facilitates the latter operation, and undoubtedly aids in 
removing many small obstructions, such as soil lumps, that may inter- 
fere with handwork. Rolling after thinning and before the next 
cultivation is sometimes done to prevent the covering of small beets 
