8 BULLETIN 274, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
canes and separate the bearing canes from the new ones in order to 
facilitate picking. The harvesting of berries is facilitated also to 
a considerable extent by various methods of training, some of which 
have already been described. Proper training methods, the cutting 
out of surplus new canes, and the separation ‘of the remaining ones 
from the bearing canes prior to harvesting greatly lessen the lability 
to rough handling and injury in picking. 
HANDLING AND SHIPPING RED RASPBERRIES. 
The first shipments of red raspberries are usually made about the 
middle of June, but car-lot shipments are seldom made until the lat- 
ter part of June or the first of July. The earlier berries are shipped 
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Fic. 7.—Red raspberries trained in accordance with a modification of the weaving sys- 
tem, in which topping can be practiced if found to be desirable. The canes are 
looped over the top wire and tied to one lower down. 
by express, either in crates to near-by cities or in pony refrigerators 
to Spokane and Montana markets. Later in the season, when car- 
load shipments commence, usually only such markets as Spokane and 
others within about the same distance are supplied with raspberries 
in these pony refrigerators. The berries shipped in this way during 
the car-lot season are, as a rule, too ripe to stand long- distance 
shipment. 
PICKING. 
The picking is done by men, women, and children, most of whom 
come from neighboring towns and cities and camp during the har- 
