SHIPMENT OF RED RASPBERRIES. Bay 
Butte, Helena, and Billings, Mont., and to points in North Dakota 
and South Dakota, such as Fargo, Grand Forks, and Aberdeen, as 
far east as Lincoln, Nebr., and Minneapolis, } Minn., and to such 
Canadian points as Winnipeg, Calgary, Edmonton, Regina, and 
Moosejaw. 
Nearly all of the berries in the valley are marketed through the 
association, there being very few growers who are not members. 
All of the berries that are not shipped are turned in to the cannery, 
the association paying a uniform price to its members, determined 
after the running expenses and the selling prices are known. During 
Fic. 12.—A receiving shed at Puyallup, Wash., where berries are sorted by cups into 
shipping and canning crates. 
the season of 1912 a considerable quantity of the fruit turned in to 
the cannery was put up in barrels. Practically no berries are evapo- 
rated in this section. 
CAUSES OF DECAY OF FRUIT IN TRANSIT. 
The most common causes of decay of berries in transit and after 
arrival on the market are mold fungi, principally gray or black 
mold (Botrytis) and blue mold (Penicillium). Neither of these two 
fungi seriously attacks firm, sound berries, but they quickly attack 
and cause the decay of berries injured or bruised in handling or soft 
from being overripe. Investigations with less tender and perish- 
able fruits, such as oranges, apples, pineapples, lemons, and the like, 
have demonstrated that there is a direct relationship existing between 
the type of handling given the fruit and its behavior after picking, 
in transit, and after arrival on the market. The results of the work 
