HOW UNITED STATES CAN MEET PULP-WOOD REQUIREMENTS. 57 
southern pines could be enormously increased. With a reasonably distributed 
industry and with the immediate adoption of forestry measures there should be 
no difficulty in taking care immediately, in the South alone, of our present total 
dependence upon foreign countries for an equivalent of 773,000 cords of sul- 
phate pulp wood and of the annual increase in our needs of 110,000 cords a year. 
The demand for small material for pulp wood would undoubtedly stimulate 
rather than retard the interest in timber growing in the South through increas- 
ing the value of the product. Much of the material needed for an enlarged 
southern paper industry dependent on pine could be secured from desirable thin- 
nings and from small or defective logs. Even without forest management the 
pulp and paper industry could probably expand in the South through ability to 
take a good deal of timber away from the lumber industry in a competitive 
market; but this could not be particularly desirable from the standpoint of the 
public. 
The southern pines occur in both the southern-pine and the oak-pine type. 
Possible growth of the pine alone under intensive forestry is estimated at more 
than 40 million cords a yesn. Much of this will be needed for saw timber, fuel, 
and other purposes, but the total dwarfs present sulphate-pulp requirements of 
1,220,000 cords and the current rate of increased demand so greatly that there 
should be no difficulty in meeting enormously enlarged future needs, provided 
the adoption of intensive forestry methods precedes or at least accompanies the 
development of the industry. If future developments make possible the use of 
pine for other pulps, a very large volume of pulp wood will be available. Some 
of the possibilities of such developments are discussed later. The pulp and 
paper industry has also the opportunity to devote relatively small areas exclu- 
sively to pulp-wood production. The total sulphate requirements could be 
grown on 2 million acres, for example. 
Here, as in the West, is the opportunity for producing material of pulp-wood 
size in very short rotations. Fifteen to twenty years in the South will produce 
large 3/ields of thinnings, which can be repeated periodically until it is desirable 
to remove the remaining stand for either lumber or pulp wood, or for both. 
Other conditions is the South are believed to be favorable for an immediate 
and permanent future enlargement of pulp and paper making. The southern 
mountain streams furnish ample power. Forest lands occur in both large and 
small holdings. A pulp and paper concern has before it the alternative of acquir- 
ing its own lands or of placing its dependence upon the timber grown upon farm 
wood lots, or other and larger holdings. Operators desiring to locate in the 
South and to acquire their own timberlands are not restricted to denuded forest 
lands. It is easily possible to secure at relatively low prices partly grown stands 
for future needs, as well as timber already large enough for pulp. 
In much of the South there is the possibility, with long-leaf and slash pines, of 
combining naval stores with pulp production or of combining both with lumber 
production, and finally of extracting the resinous products from the pulp wood 
itself. The South has a distinct advantage over the western pine stands in pulp 
and paper manufacture on account of the handicap to the Western States of dis- 
tance from the great eastern and middle western markets. 
ROCKY MOUNTAIN STATES. 
The Rocky Mountain States afford an opportunity for enlarged sulphite and 
mechanical pulp operations in the near future, but to a much smaller degree 
than the Pacific Coast States or Alaska. They afford a similar opportunity for 
sulphate pulp, but here also in much smaller degree than in the Coast States or 
the South. The opportunity in both cases is based, as in Alaska and the Pacific 
Coast States, on remaining supplies of virgin timber. 
