HOW UNITED STATES CAN MEET PULP-WOOD REQUIREMENTS. 69 
be secured from the Rocky Mountain forests in Montana and Idaho. New and 
enlarged regional industries should avoid the mistakes shown by past experience 
and develop upon a conception of permanent operation rather than for a restricted 
period. Only the growing of new crops of timber to replace present supplies can 
afford a basis for permanent plant operation. 
THE SOLUTION OF THE FUTURE SPRUCE-FIR-HEMLOCK PROBLEM. 
On the basis of present utilization, 78 per cent, or nearly 12 million cords of a 
future 15 million-cord pulp-wood objective, must consist of the spruces, true firs, 
and hemlocks. The possible cut from Alaska, the Pacific coast, and the northern 
Rocky Mountain States, including the present pulp-wood cut, is placed at about 
6i million cords annually. Allowance is made for use by other industries. This 
is conditional upon intensive forest management on all cut-over lands, or at least 
on restricted areas devoted to pulp-wood production. 
Potential growth on the spruce-fir lands of the Middle Atlantic, New England, 
and Lake States combined can ultimately, under similar methods, exceed 6 
million cords. The use of spruce for other purposes than pulp wood might 
perhaps be offset by the utilization of more or less jack pine, and possibly also 
hemlock, for sulphite pulp, and by the further possibility of cutting spruce 
and hemlock in the southern Appalachians. The total for the East and West 
would barely meet a 12-million-cord requirement, and the eastern contribution 
would not be available until long after 1950. 
THE SOLUTION OF THE PINE AND HARDWOOD PROBLEMS. 
Soda-pulp-wood imports of 180,000 cords and the total dependence of 196,000 
cords could, if necessary, be offset in the immediate future by increasing the 
cut of the aspen, beech, birch, and maple forests in the New England and 
Middle Atlantic States. Probably the entire volume could be secured in either 
the Lake or the Central or the Southern States. Together these groups of 
States could in the immediate future, and permanently under forest manage- 
ment, supply requirements up to an objective of a little more than 1 million 
cords out of the total of 15 million, and a great deal more, if necessary. Only 
a relatively small part of the total area of forest land in these regions would, 
in fact, be necessary under forest management to meet all future requirements 
for soda pulp. 
Similarly, the solution of the sulphate-pulp-wood problem is relatively easy. 
The 2,000-cord pulp-wood import is insignificant. The. entire dependence of 
773,000 cords could be made up altogether and the annual increase absorbed 
for 3 r ears to come under forest management in the South alone, but the Pacific 
Coast, Rocky Mountain, and Lake States can also be drawn upon. Here again 
a relatively small part of the total forest area could under forest management 
produce the entire sulphate-pulp-wood requirements. 
THE SHARE OF THE PUBLIC AND OF THE INDUSTRY IN THE 
SOLUTION. 
Public interest in the pulp and paper problem carries public responsibility 
to aid in its solution. The supplies of pulp wood, lumber, and other forest 
products and the profitable utilization of our forest land constitute merely two 
phases of one of our most important national problems. The public is interested 
in securing permanent as contrasted with temporary industries. It is interested 
also in securing ample future supplies of paper at reasonable prices. 
The public must redeem its responsibility by enlarging the area of publicly 
owned forest lands and devoting such lands in part to the growing of pulp wood. 
