HOW UNITED STATES CAN MEET PULP-WOOD REQUIREMENTS. 49 
rial in logging operations will make a large but uncertain amount unavailable for 
pulp and paper manufacture. 
Lumbering operations of the past have commonly discriminated against 
hemlock and the firs. Very often a large part of the hemlock found in Douglas fir 
stands has been left because it could not be manufactured profitably into lumber. 
This is less true to-day of hemlock, because general depletion of timber supplies 
has brought a growing appreciation of its intrinsic value. It still holds true, how- 
ever, of much of the fir. The spruce occurs in quantity in a relatively limited 
territory, so that, all things considered, the cut of the mechanical-sulphite species 
for lumber has been small up to the present. In 1922 it reached, in fact, only 
about 1| billion board feet out of a total lumber cut for the three States of about 
10| billion board feet. 
HUNDRED 
MILLION 
CORDS 
REMAINING STAND OF TIMBER SUITABLE FOR PULP 
(by regions) 
Rocky Mountain 
• New s==g 
England 
{Middle I lA lask 
Atlantic"]"]! I !• 
'Pacific 
MECHANICAL-SULPHITE 
SODA 
SULPHATE 
Fig. 27.— The immediate availability of the remaining pulp-timber supplies is greatly reduced by their 
distribution, the great bulk of the stand being in regions which now have few pulp mills. Pine con- 
stitutes a very large part of the remaining supply, but present demands are relatively small. 
A comparison of the total stand of spruce, fir, and hemlock on the Pacific coast 
with that of regions now using similar species for pulp will give a somewhat 
better idea of the possibility of an enlarged pulp-wood cut than a mere statement 
of total stand. The total stand in the Coast States is more than six and one-half 
times that of related species in New England, but the cut for all purposes is b 
smaller in the West by nearly 450,000 cords. The three Western States contain 
more than 10 times the spruce, fir, and hemlock stand of Xew York and Pennsyl- 
vania, but the cut of the latter States is more than half that of the Western 
States. The relationships outlined, of stand to present cut, are shown graphi- 
cally in Figures 27 and 28. We are now taking approximately 3,345,000 cords 
of pulp wood alone from the spruce-fir-hemlock forests of New England, the 
Middle Atlantic, and the Lake States combined. The Pacific Coast States, with 
twice the total stand, could probably, with anything approaching the same 
standard of utilization as in the East, be expected to furnish an equal amount 
in the near future. This would mean an increase of more than 3 million cords 
79588°— 24 4 
