40 
BULLETIN 1241, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
cords of spruce used in 1 920 came from Canada, and 69 per cent of the 53,000 cords 
of aspen. The combined holdings of the pulp and paper companies in the State 
are approximately 90.000 acres, practically all owned by one company. 
It would seem that the large acreage of forest land within the State bearing in 
mixture the trees suitable for the soda process should fully meet the State re- 
quirements, but for these woods the pulp and paper industry meets severe com- 
petition from a very large and active coal-mining industry and from hardwood 
distillation plants. While, therefore, the soda-pulp industry is in a bad way for 
supplies, it is not so seriously situated as the sulphite mills. 
As it becomes more and more difficult to secure spruce, fir, and hemlock pulp 
wood, the requirements of the sulphite mills may in part be shifted to other 
species, for example, to southern pines from outside the State. This under 
present processes would be possible only for a limited number of mills manu- 
HUNDRED THOUSAND CORDS 
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 
MIDDLE 
ATLANTIC 
STATES 
NEW 
ENGLAND 
STATES 
LAKE 
STATES 
ALL 
OTHER 
STATES 
Maine 
35 
-Massachusetts 
^Vermont 
New Hampshire 
Michigan 
^Wisconsin 
REGIONAL CONSUMPTION OF IMPORTED SPRUCE 
AND FIR PULPWOOD-1320 
Fig. 25.— The Middle Atlantic States used 73 per cent of the Canadian spruce and fir pulp wood consumed 
in the United States in 1920, and here the stoppage of pulp-wood imports would hit 
factoring special products. Sulphite mills might in part be shifted to the Boda 
process, but they would also have to import much of their material from other 
Pulp mills might even in some eases have to shift to other kinds of manu- 
facture as an alternative to c] wn altogether. The situation may work 
out along almost any if not all of these different !l 
Possibly timber growth under intensive forest management on the highly 
productive forest lands of Pennsylvania would be very L ■ 1 include 
jje but unknown volume of -■ itable for Boda pulp, and possibly the 
hemlock needed to support at least a part of the existing sulphite industry. 
! rr intensive Forestry there would also be the possibility of imports of southern 
more than ample I : probably future rcquireme: 
•ill- which could use it. This will be covered in more detail in the discus- 
sion of the Southern States. 
industries in the other Middle Atlantic States—New Jera . D aware 
Maryland atively BmaU and need not be Ifscussed in detail. 
