24 BULLETIN 1241, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Because of distance and high freights, no pulp wood is imported from Europe, 
and only about 19 per cent of total imports in all forms comes as paper. It 
follows that the great bulk of imports from Europe, 81 per cent, are pulp. 
Book paper is secured only in relatively small amounts. The tonnage of 
wrapping imports is considerably larger, a total of about 33,000 tons, and one-half 
is from Sweden. Among the papers newsprint moves to the U~nited States in 
largest volume, totaling for 1922 about 135,000 tons and ranging downward from 
a little over 50,000 tons from Sweden to lesser amounts from Germany, Finland, 
and Norway, and to very small shipments from other countries. (Table 38.) 
The pulp-wood equivalent of pulp shipments reaches nearly 1,225,000 cords, 
67 per cent of which is sulphite, 29 per cent sulphate, and only 4 per cent mechani- 
cal. Sweden is as far in the lead in pulp shipments as in paper, with approximately 
68 per cent of the total, and Norway is second with 15 per cent. Additional 
data showing the sources of European pulp and paper shipments to the United 
States in 1922 are not of sufficient importance to warrant discussion but are 
shown in Table 40. 
Imports have made up quickly the serious interruption occasioned by the 
World War. The pulp-wood equivalent of approximately 38,000 cords in 1899 
from all European countries had increased fortyfold by 1922. The sulphite and 
mechanical pulp and the newsprint imports are derived from the spruce group 
of pulp-wood species, and in 1922 were equivalent to about 1 million cords of 
wood, or two-thirds of the total imports. Shipments of wrapping and sulphate, 
which can be secured from pine, were, on the other hand, equivalent to only 
approximately 500,000 cords. Figures 5 and 6 illustrate the growth of imports 
from European counties. 
CANADA. 
Annual imports of pulp wood from Canada now total a little more than 1 
million cords. But our total imports derived from the forests of Canada in 
1922 were in the neighborhood of 3,374,000 cords, as shown by Table 28. This 
is 37 per cent of our total requirements, and is only 12 per cent below the volume 
of material supplied to American users by American forests. It is more than 
twice the volume furnished by all other countries. It is a growth of about 
128,000 cords per year, or nearly 3 million cords since 1899, when the 420,000 cord 
import equivalent was only 22 per cent of total American requirements. 
Although when reduced to pulp wood, paper imports from Canada in 1922 
exceeded pulp, and pulp in turn exceeded pulp wood, the spread between the 
high and low barely exceeded 150,000 cords. There has been relatively little 
increase in pulp-wood imports since 1909. But wood-pulp imports during the 
same period have increased approximately 4 times, while the tonnage of paper 
is larger by nearly 55 times. The relative rates of increase of pulp wood, pulp, 
and paper imports for Canada are further shown in Figure IS. 
More in detail, pulp-wood shipments now range somewhat above 1 million 
cords, of which 83 per cent is of spruce and fir and the remainder of aspen. The 
pulp imports include a little over 300,000 tons of sulphite, a little over 190.000 
tons of mechanical, and 154,000 tons of sulphate pulp. These quantities repre- 
sent, respectively, about 13 per cent, 7 per cent, and 26 per cent of our total 
consumption of each grade. Book-paper imports are negligible. Boards total 
: han 30,000 tons, while newsprint aggregates more than 895,000 tons, 37 per 
cent of our requirements for this paper, and about 70,000 tons more than we 
produce in the L'nited States from American wood. 
