HOW UNITED STATES CAN MEET PULP-WOOD REQUIREMENTS. 19 
cords. Eighty-seven per cent of this was supplied from Canada. Pulp-board 
imports in 1922 were less than 31,000 tons, and only about one-fifth of its ma- 
terial was new pulp, of which mechanical pulp formed only one-fourth. 
Approximately 318,000 cords of the total pulp-wood imports from Canada in 
1922 were utilized for the manufacture of mechanical pulp. The volume is 
second only to pulp-wood imports for sulphite pulp. The mechanical-pulp 
situation of the past 20 years is further shown in Figure 11 and Table 22. 
Some of the preceding relationships between domestic pulp-wood supplies and 
imports in pulp wood, pulp, and paper form are summarized graphically in 
Figure 12 for all four pulp grades. 
WOOD PULP REQUIREMENTS, 
BY GRADES AND SOURCE, 1922 
mechanical! 
From domestic pwlpwood | mported Ls: Pulpwood 
1 1 J 
-Wood pulp 
as 
- Paper 
SULPHITE I 
v//////m 
-•Exports in all -forms 
3d 
SULPHATE | 
remi 
o pulp import 
SODA \ 
m 
@> tN 
t 
PULP. MILLION 
2 
TONS 
Fig. 12.— Domestic pulp wood supplies less than half the requirements for all of the mechanical, sulphite, 
and sulphate pulp consumed. It furnishes 80 per cent of the requirements for soda pulp. The greater 
part of the mechanical pulp secured from foreign sources is imported as paper. The greater part of 
sulphite and sulphate imports are in pulp form, while those of soda are in pulp-wood form. 
PAPER GRADES. 
The different grades of paper contain chiefly varying proportions of two or 
more grades of wood pulp. Accordingly the discussion of the source of pulp 
requirements forms a logical preparation for considering the source of the grades 
of paper, the final product to which they contribute. 
BOOK PAPER. 
Book paper is made on the average of about 40 per cent soda 6 and 35 per cent 
sulphite pulp. 6 Old book paper, rag stock, and limited quantities of other 
materials supply the remaining 35 per cent. Thus only about 725,000 tons of 
the total book-paper consumption in 1922 represented new wood-pulp require- 
ments (Table 23) . 
The United States supplies from home-grown wood about 58 per cent of this 
new pulp. We depend upon Canada for 31 per cent and upon various European 
countries for 13 per cent. Exports of book paper are small. 
The largest factor in our imports, totaling 27 per cent, and that which is grow- 
ing most rapidly, is pulp, almost entirely sulphite, and a little more than half 
Canadian in its origin. It is equivalent to about 380,000 cords of the spruce-fir- 
hemlock group of pulp woods. Canadian pulp wood makes up about 17 per cent 
of our consumption, with approximately 130,000 cords of aspen for soda pulp and 
140,000 cords of spruce and fir for sulphite. Book-paper imports are negligible. 
The forests of the United States furnished 30 per cent less of the new wood 
materials for book paper in 1922 than in 1914. What is still more serious, the 
8 These average percentages differ slightly from those for a single year ia Figure 4. 
