HOW UXITED STATLS GAS MEET PULP-WOOD REQUIREMENTS. 15 
WOOD-PULP GRADES. 
The slowing down in pulp-wood imports naturally affects wood-pulp imports. 
The latter began in volume about 1900. While they increased gradually prior 
to 1910, their subsequent growth has been more rapid. Present and past require- 
ments of the various grades of wood pulp and of the amounts of pulp wood 
necessary for each, on which the following detailed analysis is based in part, are 
shown in Tables 13 and 14 and Figure 7. Consideration is not confined to the 
imports of pulp as such, for it is equally important to learn what our dependence 
is for each class of pulp, whether importations take the form of pulp wood, pulp, 
or paper. 
MILLION 
TONS 
WOOD PULP REQUIRED I N TH E PAPER CONSUMED 
IN THE UNITED STATES, BY PULP GRADES 
d Mechanical 
* Sulphite 
o Soda 
— a Sulphate 
1925 
Fig. 7.—. Requirements for mechanical and sulphite pulp are much larger and are increasing much more 
rapidly than for soda and sulphate pulp. 
SODA PULP. 
Although pulp-wood requirements for soda pulp have more than tripled since 
1899, they now constitute only about 759,000 cords (Table 15), or 8 per cent of 
the total needed each vear for our entire paper requirements. Despite the fact 
that soda was the first wood-pulp process introduced into the United States, it 
has grown so slowly in comparison with other grades and absorbed so little wood 
that more than 600,000 cords, or 80 per cent of our total requirements, are secured 
from domestic pulp wood. A large number of hardwoocl species are suitable and 
they occur over an extended territory, in part remote from the Canadian border, 
so that relatively ample timber supplies are still available. Furthermore, many 
soda mills were located in rag-pulp centers before wood pulp reached its present 
importance, near most of which relatively large amounts of suitable hardwoods 
of a quality too low for use in most other industries are still available. It is not 
surprising, therefore, that the United States is more nearly self-supporting in the 
wood utilized in the manufacture of iis soda than any other wood-pulp grade. 
Aspen pulp wood from Canada is the chief item in imports of soda-pulp mate- 
rial. Nearly 1S0,000 cords were imported in 1922. (Table 5.) This was 99 
per cent of the soda-pulp material which Canada furnished for that year, ana 
Canada supplied approximately 92 per cent of our total importations. Since 
1899 Canada's contribution, chiefly pulp wood for the entire period, has increased 
nine times. Pulp-wood imports amount, therefore, to about 92 per cent of 1922 
imports of soda-pulp material in all forms, but, as will be shown later, it should 
be comparatively easy to secure an equal and even a much larger volume of soda- 
pulp woods from our own forests. 
