6 BULLETIN 920, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
$850 for the two-year period; the return on capital was 3.2 per cent 
and 6.8 per cent for the respective periods. 
None of the 185 farmers in these three areas made as much as 
$1,000 labor income every year. Four (2 per cent) made over $500 
labor income every year, one each in the Ohio and Indiana areas, and 
two in the Wisconsin area. Thirty-three farmers (18 per cent) failed 
to make a $500 labor income in any year of the period, 10 each in 
the Ohio and Indiana areas and 13 in the Wisconsin area. 
Four farmers (2 per cent), after allowance is made for the value 
of their own time, made over 5 per cent return on their farm capital 
every year, 1 in the Ohio area, 2 in the Indiana area and 1 in the Wis- 
consin area; 18 (10 per cent) did not reach 5 per cent return on the 
farm capital in any one year, 4 in the Ohio area, 5 in the Indiana 
area and 9 in the Wisconsin area. 
Averaging labor income over the several years, 14 per cent of all 
the farmers failed to make any labor income, and 14 per cent made 
over $1,000, but most of them made between $1 and $1,000, 84 per 
cent of the farmers in the Ohio area falling within this range, 70 per 
cent in the Indiana area, and 72 per cent in the Wisconsin area. 
The returns on the farm capital when averaged for the period of 
years ranged from 2 per cent to 8 per cent on most farms, 52 per 
cent of the farms in the Ohio area falling within this range, 86 per 
cent of those in the Indiana area, and 78 per cent of those in the 
Wisconsin area. 
Eighteen farmers (18 per cent) in the Indiana area made over 
$1,000 labor incomes for the seven-year average, and 7 (12 per 
cent) in the Wisconsin area for the five-year average. After making 
a fair allowance for their own wages, 3 farmers (12 per cent) in 
the Ohio area realized over 8 per cent return on the farm capital 
for the average of the seven-year period, 10 (10 per cent) in the In- 
diana area, and 3 (5 per cent) in the Wisconsin area for the five-year 
period. The greater ability of these farmers, as expressed by the size 
of their business, their crop yields, their live-stock returns per animal, 
and the efficient use of labor, won for them the higherreturns. While 
these farmers were getting very good returns, 4 others (16 per cent) 
in the Ohio area, 12 (12 per cent) in the Indiana area, and 10 (16 per 
cent) in the Wisconsin area failed to make any laborincome. After 
making due allowance for their own time, 9 (36 per cent) in the Ohio 
area, 4 (4 per cent) in the Indiana area, and 10 (16 per cent) in the 
Wisconsin area realized less than 2 per cent return on their farm 
capital. 
Four farmers (16 per cent) in the Ohio area, 32 (82 per cent) in 
the Indiana area, and 18 (30 per cent) in the Wisconsin area made 
average labor incomes ranging from $500 to $1,000; and 8 ‘32 per 
