4 BULLETIN 73, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
permanent pasture, and the ration of cottonseed cake was fed until May 7, as the 
season that year was exceedingly unfavorable for the early growth of pasture grasses. 
(3) During the summer months the cows and calves ran together in the large pasture . 
(4) The cows and calves were separated September 25. The calves were placed in 
a field containing old cornstalks, crab grass, and cowpeas. They remained in this field 
until October 7, when they were transferred to a field of peanuts which were to be 
subsequently grazed off by hogs. This peanut field afforded grazing until October 16 
when they were returned to the corn and cowpea field. They were kept in this field 
until November 24, but were fed a small amount of cottonseed cake in addition, begin- 
ning with 1 pound of cake per calf per day on October 28 and gradually increasing the 
amount to 2 pounds. By November 24 the supply of feed in this field was exhausted, 
so the calves were transferred to a third field of cornstalks and crab grass, where they 
remained until the fattening period was inaugurated. 
(5) By December 21 all of the available rough feeds of the farm had been consumed, 
and the calves were placed in a small barn lot and fattened for the early spring mar- 
ket. During this fattening period they were fed cottonseed meal, corn silage, and 
a cheap quality of broom-sedge hay. 
(6) The calves were shipped to New Orleans and sold April 1, 1912. 
(7) The bulls were allowed to run with the cows the year round. This, however, 
was found to be a poor practice, as the date of calving could not be regulated. When 
the bulls are with the cows continuously the first calves come too early in the season, 
and the last calves come too late. It is a much better practice to keep the bulls away 
from the herd of cows all the time except during the usual and proper breeding season. 
PRICES AND CHARACTER OF FEEDS. 
Cottonseed meal, cottonseed cake, pastures, corn silage, and broom- 
sedge hay were all used in the test. Cottonseed meal, corn-silage, and 
the hay were fed to the calves during the fattening period. The 
cows during the winter of 1911-12 were not given silage, as the supply 
was limited, but there is no doubt that both the cows and the calves 
would have done much better if the cows had been given a liberal 
quantity of this succulent feed. All of the feeds except the broom- 
sedge hay were of good quality. The cottonseed meal and cottonseed 
cake were fresh and bright. The corn silage was also of excellent 
quality: it was made of corn which would have yielded about 30 
bushels of gram to the acre. While the hay was bright, clean, and 
well cured, it was of exceedingly poor quality, as broom sedge will 
not make a good quality of hay. It is, however, a roughage that 
should not be wasted. 
In work of this character the financial statement is not as exact 
as might be desired, because the price of feeds, as well as of cattle, 
fluctuates considerably from year to year. The financial outcome 
of a particular experiment ma}' not be duplicated by the cattle raiser 
or feeder, owing to the different conditions under which he is operat- 
ing. The prices listed in this bulletin were the actual prices paid 
for the feeds (except corn silage and broom-sedge hay, which were 
made on the farm) and the actual prices realized for the cattle. 
This test was conducted during the winter of 1911-12; prices have 
not changed materially since that time. The following were the 
