A BIBLIOGRAPHY RELATING TO SOIL ALKALIES 25 
Wie, R. J., and L. R. -FERGUSON. 
Reinforced Concrete Failing. A. S. 
a. Wes: Proc....V«. 14, A917), part. 1, 
p. 290-299. 
Discusses causes and nature of failure in sea 
water and suggests preventative measures. 
Notes effect on concrete of acids and alkalies 
and difficulty of prevention. 
Series of five articles on 
Concrete in Sea Water. Eng. N. 
Rec., v. 79 (1917), p. 532, 641, 689, 
Hole woe eDIsc.,, lane. Nec.) Vv. 
80 (1918), p.. 264-267, 575-576, 926. 
Covers investigation which included personal 
examination of nearly every concrete structure 
in sea water in continental United States and 
many in Canada and Cuba, together with de- 
tailed information Jsecured through American 
Consular officers regarding concrete structures 
in harbors in all parts of the world. (Compare 
with articles by HARRISON, J. L., II 
1. What is the trouble with Con 
crete in Sea Waters. Eng. 
N. Rec., v. 79 (1917), p. 531, 
532-535. 
Introductory. Describes purpose, 
extent, and scope of investigation. 
Descriptive list of structures examined. 
Illustrations and map. Preceded by 
short editorial comment. 
2. Plain Concrete in Sea Water 
must be Protected. Eng. N. 
Rec., v. 79 (1917), p. 641- 
645. 
Discusses causes and nature of 
damage to plain concrete in sea water 
and precautions for preventing. De- 
scription of and comments on numer- 
ous observed failures. Well illustra- 
ted. 
3. Reinforced Concrete in Sea 
Water Falls from Corroded 
Steel. Eng. N. Rec., v. 79 
(1917), p. 689-693. 
Discusses causesand nature ofdamage 
to reinforced concrete in sea water and 
preventative measures. Comments 
on specific observed cases. Illustrated. 
4. Selection of Materials for Sea 
Water Concrete. Eng. N. 
nec., va (9 A9L ips Fat 
741. Disc., Eng. N. Rec., 
v. 79 (1917), p. 1212. 
Discusses effects of chemical con- 
stituents of cement, use of fresh and 
sea water, water-proofing compounds 
and various kinds of aggregate in 
making plain and reinforced concrete 
for sea-water structures. Numerous 
cases cited to verify conclusions. 
Illustrated. 
5. Good Workmanship necessary 
to make Sea Water Concrete 
Safe. Eng. N. Ree., v. 79 
(1917), p. 794-798. 
Discusses necessity of reliable 
supervision and good workmanship 
in constructing sea-water concrete 
structures; proportioning of materials, 
quantity of water, care in mixing and 
placing concrete, construction joints, 
causes of failure, etc. General prin- 
ciples of successful construction. 
Cites verifying cases. Illustrated. 
See also Tocu Brortuers, R. J. 
Wie, and L. R. Fereuson, III, 
Wituiams, T. S. Concrete Wharf Sup- 
ports in San Francisco Harbor. Prof. 
Mem., v. 9 (1917), p. 393-398. Am. 
Port Auth. Proc. & Papers, v. 5 
Paper No.2 (1916). Can. Eng., v.31 
(1916), p. 347. 
Describes making, placing, and theories of 
reinforced concrete piles and cylindrical supports 
and experience in their use in sea water. 
Woop, F. J. See Owens, J. S., and 
F. J. Woop, III. 
WrocuHeM, J. V. See Burcuartz, H., 
and J. V. Wrocuem, VI. 
ZAMBONI. Effect of Sea Water on, 
Mortar Joints. L’Industria, Oct. 15, 
1899. 
EpiToriaALts, ANONYMOUS ARTICLES, 
IHN Oat 
Action of Sea Water on Concrete. 
Eng. & Contr., v. 55 (1921), 
p. 290. 
Gives results of observations on piers im- 
mersed in sea water from 1909 to 1920. 
Building Reinforced - Concrete 
Board Walk at Coney Island. 
Eng: N. Recs, v. 89)\(1922), p. 
229-230. 
Rich concrete mix specified as protection 
against deterioration from sea water. 
Calcium - Aluminum - Sulphate as 
a Destroyer of Concrete. See II. 
Calcium - Aluminum - Sulphate; 
Effect on Concrete. See II. 
Concrete Encased Steel at Kowloon, 
China. Inst. Civil Eng. :(Lond.) 
Min. & Proc., v. 199, p. 133. 
Decomposition of Concrete in Sea 
Water, an Example of. Eng. 
N., v. 60 (1908), p. 238. Abs., 
Chem. Abs., v. 2 (1908), p. 3400. 
Describes disintegratuon of docks at 
Charlestown (Mass.) Navy Yard. TIllus- 
trated. 
Deterioration of Materials Used in 
Harbour Construction. Engi- 
neering, v. 113 (1922), p. 739- 
mee. Ene. “& | Contr... ve. 58 
(1922), p. 270-272. Can. Eng., 
v. 43 (1922), p. 431-433. 
Summary of second (interim) report of a 
committee of Institution of Civil Engineers 
in which is contained a general discussion of 
concrete in marine structures. 
Disintegration of Concrete by Sea 
Water, Alkali, Sewage, etc., what 
Are the Facts Respecting? Eng. 
& Contr., v. 33 (1910), p. 539- 
540. 
Editorial review of opinions and known 
facts, including 214 column quotation from R. 
Hering on action of sewage. 
Floating Oil as a Protection of Con- 
crete from Action of Sea Water. 
Eng. & Contr., v. 55 (1921), p. 
88. 
Describes occurrences and effect of a 
thick tar-like substance on concrete piers 
of Aberthaw Construction Co.’s test on 
concrete in sea water at Charlestown 
Wie, R. J., and others. See VI. 
Mass.) Navy Yard. Deposits originated 
Wiuuiams, A. E. See VI. ashe if - 
from floating fuel oil. 
