12 BULLETIN 1215, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
large quantity of seeds and still be able to examine them from time to 
time by lifting one side of the upper piece of burlap. 
If smaller quantities of seeds are to be stratified, boxes of suit- 
able size can be used, and put in a warm place. After two or three 
weeks the seeds should be carefully examined every day or two. As 
soon as they begin to crack open they should be placed in nursery 
rows. They should be sown in the row close enough together to form 
an almost continuous row of seeds, and should be covered with not 
more than H inches of moist soil. Seeds that have been stratified in 
sand between strips of burlap can be screened with that sand, leav- 
ing the seeds behind, or the sand and the seeds can be drilled in the 
rows without screening. 
The stratified seeds should not be submitted to heat too soon, 
thus making it necessary to plant them outside before the soil is 
thoroughly warmed. If cold weather follows after planting them 
outside, losses will occur, because of the shock occasioned by taking 
them from the warm sand bed and exposing them to the cold. After 
planting, the soil should be kept pulverized above the seed to keep 
it from baking. When the young seedlings first appear, they are 
rather delicate and are often injured by having to push through a 
hard crust. The soil can be kept moist and open by covering the 
rows with a thin layer of straw, rice hulls, or some other mulch. The 
seeds should not have more than 1 to 1| inches of soil over them, and 
care should be exercised not to use too deep a mulch, because if too 
much is used it will keep the soil cool and thus retard germination. 
The seeds can be held over winter and planted without stratifica- 
tion when the soil has been thoroughly warmed in the spring. When 
planted in this way the percentage of germination will not be as 
great as when the seeds are carefully stratified and then planted 
out when the seeds and soil are in the proper condition. The jujube 
in all stages of its development revels in heat. 
Where the quantity of seeds is not too great, they can be planted 
in beds instead of rows. It is then possible to take better care of 
them, and a better stand will be secured. When planted in beds it 
will be necessary to hold most of the plants over until the second 
year, because only a small percentage will make sufficient growth to 
be of grafting size the first year. If they are to be planted in this 
way they should be lined out in rows for the second season, placing 
them 4 to 6 inches apart. When stratified seeds are planted in rows, 
75 to 90 per cent of the seedlings should be large enough for graft- 
ing at the end of the first season. 
CUTTINGS. 
Little or no success has resulted from repeated attempts to root 
any type of cutting taken from the portion of the plant above ground. 
When grafted plants are removed from the nursery, a plant will 
occasionally be found in which the lower end of the scion has taken 
root. 
Cuttings made by clipping the lower ends of the roots from the 
stock plants of bench grafts have given a good percentage of plants 
of sufficient size to graft. Pieces of roots 4 to 6 inches in length and 
having a diameter of not less than three-sixteenths of an inch have 
produced good plants the first season, and these plants have good 
