24 BULLETIN 801, IT. S. DEPARTMENT OE AGRICULTURE. 
stream may be discharged effectively. Usually, however, doors sup- 
ply this need. 1 
EXTERIOR DOORS. 
Doorways in the exterior wall should be provided in such size and 
location as may be convenient to the warehouse operatives, and at the 
same time serve the purposes of the fireman. Convenience in truck- 
ing is favored by a wide door, most situations being met advanta- 
geously by a door opening 7 feet wide and 6 J feet high. The width, 
however, may range from 6 feet to 8 feet and the height should not 
exceed 10 feet. The exterior, or end, wall of the storage compartment 
ordinarily should have doors at intervals not exceeding 10 or 50 
feet apart, measuring from centers of the doors, and usually not less 
than two doors. The threshold of the doorway should be of cement or 
iron. It should have a slope outward of 1 inch or more to prevent 
entrance of blowing rain. The top of the opening should be an 
arch of the wall material or a lintel of reinforced concrete or steel. 
For the compress compartment doors may be as numerous as desired 
and of a width up to 12 feet. It is convenient to have practically 
the whole wall near the press consist of steel doors arranged to roll 
up. (See PL XIII, Fig. 1.) Certainly the compress compartment 
should have at least as many and as large doors as should the storage 
compartment. 2 
1 There is another kind of opening that should be provided in the exterior 
wall. This is known as a "scupper" which consists of an opening in the wall 
at the floor level for the purpose of discharging water which may accumulate 
on the floor from any unusual cause, such as the discharge of water from the 
sprinkler system. Scuppers should be of suitable size and design for the 
number used to discharge, under 3-inch head of water, 100 gallons per minute 
for each 500 square feet floor area. Each scupper should have a capacity of 
not less than 100 gallons per minute under 3-inch head of water, and should 
meet the other recommendations of the National Fire Protection Association. 
2 An exception to the usual minimum for door openings may be made in 
case it is not desired to provide doors for ordinary use such as would be true 
of upper stories not served by platforms on that side. In such instances at 
least one door should be provided for use of firemen unless the wall is so ex- 
posed to other buildings as to make the door a hazard. This type of door 
should be not less than 4 feet wide, fire-resistive and arranged "to swing out. 
It should be secured by such hardware that it could be locked to the outside 
but not the inside, the idea being that it should not offer any resistance to fire- 
men shut off on the inside and that firemen seeking to gain access should be 
able to break the door open without delay. This may be accomplished very 
simply by a few links of a chain passed through a hole in the door, the inner 
link being secured by a hook and the outer link by a padlock. Such a door 
is shown by Plate XVIII, figure 6, and is used for only the upper floors. The 
landing formed by the projection of the floor slab is very desirable for doors 
high above the ground. 
