40 BULLETIN 616, U. S. DEPARTMENT OE AGRICULTURE. 
located near the water supply and as near as possible to the trees to 
be sprayed. Supplies should be ordered not later than the January 
or February preceding the spraying operations. 
HOW TO SPRAY BEARING ORCHARDS. 
It is best to use only two 50-foot leads of hose on a power outfit, 
with 10-foot rods each fitted with a Y which is angled to handle 
two nozzles. The latter should be of the larger chamber type, with 
disks bored to one-sixteenth inch. Each rodman should begin at 
about the middle of a tree, on the side away from the sprayer, and 
work around the tree until he reaches the starting point; he should 
then switch to the same point on the next tree without shutting off 
the nozzles and with as much economy of movement as possible. 
The nozzles should be held about 2 feet from the tree so that the 
broad portion of the stream plays upon fruit and leaves. The trees 
should be swept from tip to base, special attention being given to the 
fruit and the tender growth, where the insects congregate. The pres- 
sure, if maintained at 150 to 200 pounds, will turn the leaves and 
whirl the little fruits so that all sides will be sprayed. 
No attempt should be made to spray too many trees with a single 
outfit, and an application once commenced should be completed 
within 10 days. Nursery and young orchard trees will require from 
■J gallon to 2 gallons of the dilute spray each; those from 5 to 10 
years old should be given not less than 5 gallons each ; and those from 
12 to 18 years old not less than 8 gallons each. 
HOW TO SPRAY NURSERIES AND YOUNG TREES. 
For large nurseries the gas-engine outfit, where it can be advan- 
tageously used, is preferable to the hand outfit. Two 25-foot or even 
15-foot leads of hose and 12-foot spray rods are generally most con- 
venient for this work, though the equipment of hose and rods recom- 
mended for orchard work will answer very well. The excess hose 
length should be coiled over a peg fastened to the spray tank or 
engine hood, so that the young trees will not be injured by the 
dragging hose. In setting out a nursery it is preferable to leave 
driveways wide enough to accommodate sprayer and team at inter- 
vals of eight rows (where the rows are 4 feet apart) throughout the 
length of the bed; for example, one between the fourth and fifth 
rows, and again between the twelfth and thirteenth, etc. Eight rows 
of trees, four either side of the driveway, may then be reached each 
trip, using 12-foot spray rods; eight more rows may be taken on the 
return trip, etc. Either the large chamber type or the single Bor- 
deaux nozzles may be used to good advantage, but the delivery of the 
spray need not be so rapid as for orchard work. The trees will 
need attention only when the growth is tender. 
