44 
BULLETIN 80, U. S. DEPARTMENT OP AGRICULTURE. 
Table 6. — Cost of poplar pulpwood and of all pulpwoods at United States mills in 1907, 
1908, and 1909} 
Quantity. 
Total cost. 
Average 
cost per 
cord. 
Rough wood: 
Domestic poplar 
Imported poplar 
Total poplar 
All pulpwoods 
Peeled wood: 
Domestic poplar 
Imported poplar 
Total poplar 
All pulpwoods 
Rough and peeled wood: 
Domestic poplar 
Imported poplar 
Total poplar 
All pulpwoods 
Domestic poplar. 
Imported poplar. 
Total poplar 
All pulpwoods . . 
1908. 
Cords. 
13,953 
2,984 
i6,937 
!, 219, 083 
288, 923 
22,638 
311,561 
,413,997 
302, 876 
25,622 
328, 498 
,001,607 
279,564 
22,653 
302, 217 
3,346,953 
Dollars. 
72, 555 
24,469 
97,024 
7, 608, 736 
1907. 
Domestic poplar 352, 142 
Imported poplar I 19, 798 
Total poplar 371, 940 
All pulpwoods 3, 962, 660 
2,337,461 
179,019 
2,516,480 
12, 169, 393 
2, 410, 016 
203, 488 
2,613,504 
34,477,540 
2, 237, 631 
182, 143 
2,419,774 
28, 047, 473 
2, 763, 889 
167,039 
2,930,928 
32, 360, 276 
Dollars. 
5.20 
8.20 
5.72 
7.94 
8.09 
7.91 
8.07 
8.61 
7.96 
7.94 
7.95 
8.62 
5.01 
5.04 
5.00 
7.85 
8.44 
8.17 
1 Bureau of the Census Circulars, Forest Products No. 1, Pulpwood Consumption (for respective years). 
Prices quoted are based on f. o b. mill deliveries. 
8 Includes 368,527 cords of rossed wood at an average cost of S12.75 per cord. 
While there are no statistics of the consumption of aspen pulpwood alone, the Census 
figures 1 for the consumption of "poplar" are of interest. The woods grouped under 
this name consist of several species of the true poplars, of which aspen is by far the most 
important, and doubtless include also a small amount of "yellow poplar" or tulip tree 
(Liriodendron tulipifera Linn.). The poplars collectively stand third in the amount 
cut for pulpwood, being exceeded only by spruce and hemlock. Table 5 shows the 
amount of poplar pulpwood used, by processes, in 1899 and each year from 1905 to 
1910, inclusive. The cost of poplar per cord in 1907, 1908, and 1909 is shown in Table 
6. The average cost per cord for poplar pulpwood did not change materially during 
the period 1907 to 1909, though the average cost per cord for all pulpwoods steadily 
advanced. 
PAPER PULP FROM ASPEN. 
CHARACTERISTICS AND PROPERTIES. 
Aspen soda pulp, when unbleached and dry, is a very light brown or light reddish- 
brown much resembling ordinary blotting paper. While fairly tenacious, the pulps are 
usually very soft and bulky, whether bleached or unbleached. The softness of the pulp 
may be partly due to the fact that its natural resin content is normally very low (0.05 
per cent) as compared with ordinary sulphite pulp (0.5 per cent). Aspen soda pulp 
is easily bleached to a good white color, though in some cases there may be a slight 
reddish tinge. For well-cooked pulp very low amounts of bleaching agents are 
required, and the loss on bleaching (from 6 to 10 per cent in commercial practice) 
is comparatively small. The following table by Griffin and Little 2 affords a com- 
1 For statistics on the consumption of poplar pulpwood by Canadian mills, see bulletins 12, 26, and 30, of 
the Forestry Branch, Canadian Department of the Interior, 1909-1912. 
2 Chemistry of Papermaking, p. 280, 1894. 
