THE, FARMER S STANDARD OF LIVING 
31 
ers, $159.40 for tenants, and $133 for hired men. Houses of owners 
are larger than those occupied by tenants and hired men, and the 
average number of bedrooms furnished per household varied in 
about the same proportion as the average number of all rooms for 
the three tenure groups. Houses of owners were better equipped 
with modern conveniences (Table 3), and owner families turned 
a larger portion of all the money spent to the less material 
uses — formal education, recreation, church support, and benevo- 
lences—termed advancement. 
Additional comparisons of the values of other groups of goods 
and the percentages that the values of these groups of goods are of 
the value of all goods for the different tenure groups may be made 
from Table 1. 
FARM FAMILIES OF THIS STUDY WITH FARM FAMILIES OF OTHER STUDIES 
The results of several recent studies of farm-family living make 
possible limited comparisons of the distribution of the value of goods 
furnished by the farm for household purposes. The most important 
of these studies represents 7,738 farm families of selected localities 
of different types of farming in 21 States. Another represents 861 
families of selected localities of Kentucky, Tennessee, and Texas. 
A third study includes 402 families of Livingston County, N. Y., and 
a fourth deals with 483 families of selected localities of 10 eastern, 
southern, and central western States. Comparisons of the distribu- 
tion of the average values of the different kinds of goods furnished 
by the farm for the studies for which data are available are made 
in Table 8. 
Table 8. — Average value per family, and the distribution of this value among the 
different groups of goods, of all goods furnished by the farm for family living 
purposes during one year. Farm families of selected localities of the United States 
States 
Date of 
study 
Fami- 
lies 
stud- 
ied 
Size 
of 
house- 
hold 
Goods furnished by the farm for family 
living 
All 
goods, 
total 
value 
Food 
Rent-use 
of house 
Fuel 
Value 
Pro- 
por- 
tion 
of 
total 
Value 
Pro- 
por- 
tion 
of 
total 
Value 
Pro- 
por- 
tion 
of 
total 
United States .. . 
Num- 
ber 
11 
Year 
1922-1924 
Num- 
ber 
2,886 
Per- 
sons 
4.8 
$684 
$441 
Per 
cent 
64.5 
$200 
Per 
cent 
29.2 
i$43 
Per 
cent 
6.3 
4 
3 
4 
1922-1924 
1922-1924 
1922-1924 
317 
1,130 
1,439 
4.7 
5.1 
4.6 
656 
707 
671 
350 
515 
402 
53.4 
72.8 
59.9 
204 
156 
233 
31.1 
22.1 
34.7 
1102 
36 
36 
15.5 
South.. 
5.1 
North Central. . . 
5.4 
United States 2 . 
21 
3 
1 
10 
1918-1922 
1919 
1921 
1913 
7,738 
861 
402 
483 
"4." Y 
4.9 
4.6 
518 
537 
320 
384 
61.8 
71.5 
62! 
184 
138 
234 
125 
35. 5 
25.7 
33.8 
29.7 
14 
15 
59 
35 
2.7 
Souths.. 
2.8 
New York State 4 
United States 5 ._ 
692 399 
421 261 
8.5 
8.3 
1 Includes furnished ice averaging about 20 cents per family for all families and about $1.50 per family for 
New England families. 
2 The Family Living from the Farm, by H. W. Hawthorne. Dept. Agr. Bui. No. 1338. 1925. 
3 Relation Between the Ability to Pav to the Standard of Living Among Farmers, by E. L. Kirkpatrick, 
and J. T. Sanders. Dept. Agr. Bui. No. 1382. 1926. 
4 Family Living in Farm Homes, by E. L. Kirkpatrick and others. Dept. Agr. Bui. No. 1214. 1924. 
"What the Farm Contributes Directly to the Farmer's Living, by W. C. Funk. Dept. A.gr. Bui. 
No. 635. 1914. 
