44 
BULLETIN 1466, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
SCHOOLING OF OPEEATOE AND HOME MAKEK 
Formal schooling of the operator and the home maker is here 
regarded as having a probable influence on the desires for higher 
standards of living and therefore as making demands for more kinds, 
larger amounts, and better qualities, and consequently increased 
values, of goods used. As with the ages of the operator and the 
home maker, the relation of formal schooling to the value of goods is 
difficult to ascertain in view of the complexities of the many factors 
involved and especially to the counter influences in many instances 
of the different amounts of formal schooling obtained by the operator 
and the home maker. 
In an attempt to account for these counter influences of the differ- 
ent amounts of schooling of both operator and home maker all fam- 
ilies for which the grades of formal schooling received were reported, 
2,316 in number, are grouped into nine classes according to grade of 
schooling of the former in conjunction with that of the latter and vice 
versa. The groups recognized in this classification are : 
Both operator and home maker, eighth grade or less. 
Both operator and home maker, 9 to 12 grades. 
Both operator and home maker, more than 12 grades. 
Operator, eighth grade or less ; home maker 9 to 12 grades. 
Home maker, eighth grade or less ; operator 9 to 12 grades. 
Operator, eighth grade or less ; home maker, more than 12 grades. 
Home maker, eighth grade or less ; operator, more than 12 grades. 
Operator, 9 to 12 grades ; home maker, more than 12 grades. 
Home maker, 9 to 12 grades ; operator, more than 12 grades. 
The number of families in each of these groups is shown in Table 
14 in relation to the average value of all goods used and the distri- 
bution of this value among the principal groups of goods. 
Table 14. — Relation of combined grades of formal schooling of operator and 
home maker to value per family of goods used during one year and to the 
distribution of this value among the principal groups of goods. Farm families 
of selected localities in 11 States, 1022-1924, owners, tenants, and hired men 
Fam- 
ilies 
re- ^ 
port- 
ing 
Size 
of 
fam- 
ily 
Average value of— 
Schooling of operator and home 
All goods used 
Food 
Cloth- 
ing 
Rent 
Ad- 
vance- 
ment 
maker combined 
Total 
Fur- 
nished 
by 
farm 
Pur- 
chased 
All 
oth- 
ers 
All grades 
Num- 
ber 
2,316 
Per- 
sons 
4.4 
$1,600 
$687 
$913 
$658 
$233 
$202 
$108 
$399 
1,303 
317 
50 
327 
143 
46 
26 
39 
65 
4.6 
4.1 
3.9 
4.1 
4.2 
3.9 
4.0 
4.1 
4.1 
1,484 
1,755 
2,032 
1,647 
1,636 
1,935 
1,835 
2,072 
1,904 
670 
713 
732 
690 
699 
781 
735 
705 
712 
814 
1,042 
1,300 
957 
937 
1,154 
1,100 
1,367 
1, 192 
645 
692 
681 
653 
674 
687 
654 
682 
678 
218 
251 
290 
242 
231 
275 
233 
313 
278 
188 
217 
248 
218 
199 
270 
286 
212 
235 
86 
123 
211 
109 
122 
167 
158 
272 
191 
347 
472 
602 
Operator, eighth or less; home 
maker, ninth-twelfth ... . 
425 
Home maker, eighth of less; op- 
410 
Operator, eighth or less; home 
maker, more than twelfth 
Home maker, eighth of less; op- 
erator, more than twelfth 
Operator, ninth-twelfth; home 
maker, more than twelfth 
Home maker, ninth-twelfth; op- 
erator- more than twelfth 
536 
504 
593 
522 
