CEREAL EXPERIMENTS AT CHICO, CALIF. 15 
1910 to 1921. inclusive, with the average yields of Pacific Bluestem 
(White Australian) and Baart (Early Baart) for the entire period 
and the average yields of other varieties in terms of percentage of 
the yield of the White Australian strain of Pacific Bluestem in the 
years when both were grown. This wheat was chosen as a basis 
for comparison because it is the leading commercial variety of the 
section. 
The average annual yield of Pacific Bluestem (White Australian) 
wheat for the 12-year period, 1910 to 1921, inclusive, was 34.7 
bushels per acre and that of Baart 35.6 bushels. This shows a dif- 
ference of 0.9 bushel per acre in favor of Baart. In view of the soil 
variation the yield of Baart should be discounted when the abnormal 
yield of 90.6 bushels from that variety in 1911 is considered. In 
considering quality as well as yield the most promising varieties 
have been White Federation, Hard Federation (Fig. 3), and Federa- 
tion, which produced 121.9, 115.9, and 112.8 per cent, respectively, 
of the yield of Pacific Bluestem in the same years. 
The following varieties of wheat (listed with their respective C. I. 
numbers), the results from which are not presented in Table 8, were 
also grown in plats for one or more Years: Japanese No. 4, 1181-1; 
Kurd, 2126-2; Yantagbav, 2404; Basel, 2405; Ble Violet, 2508-1; 
Ble Violet, 2508-2; Ak, 2899; Indian, 4506; Jumbuck, 4608; Bobs, 
4710; Comeback, 4991; Firbank, 5013; Boadicea, 6220; Onas, 6221. 
Other varieties among the white-kerneled wheats which show 
equal or higher yields than the best strain of Pacific Bluestem are 
Talimka, Baart, Propo, Oudebaard, which are bearded, and Little 
Club, a beardless club; among the hard red spring varieties are 
Chul, Koola, and Fretes, which are bearded, and the red club wheat 
Hybrid 123, which is beardless. Of these wheats Baart and Little 
Club are important commercial varieties in the Sacramento Valley. 
Chul was at one time grown scatteringly in California, but on account 
of its poor milling and baking qualities it soon almost disappeared 
from cultivation. 
The soft and hard white common and the white spring club varieties 
appear to be best adapted to the Sacramento Valley. A number of 
hard red spring common varieties of southern Asian and European 
origin also have produced well. The hard red winter wheats are not 
adapted. They immediately lose then* dark-red color and become 
more or less starchy and spotted with yellow berry. Their yields 
are comparatively low. Practically the same is true of the durum 
varieties. Instead of being vitreous the kernels become yellowish 
and opaque or spotted with starchy areas. The yields of durum 
wheats were in most cases but little more than half those of Pacific 
Bluestem. Titanic, or " Seven-headed" wheat, a poulard variety, 
also was inferior in quality and yield. 
Spring varieties, or those with an erect habit of growth, are grown 
successfully when fall sown in the Sacramento Valley; in fact, the 
leading commercial varieties are of the so-called spring wheats. 
They are sown throughout the late fall and winter season. During 
the winter many spring varieties assume a semispreading habit of 
growth. Winter varieties, or those with a prostrate habit of growth, 
may not be sown later than midwinter (about February), as they 
either fail to develop normally on account of the early dry season 
or become prostrate and grasslike as the season advances. 
