12 BULLETIN 110, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
for the three years was 2.38 pounds of cotton seed meal and 8.7 pounds 
of hulls per day. This amount, in addition to the range, proved to 
be enough to make 700-pound steers hold their fall weight throughout 
the winter. 
Cowpea hay was fed but one winter, and steers which received 8J 
pounds each per day weighed practically the same in the spring as in 
the fall. It is seen that 8 J pounds of bright cowpea hay proved equal 
to 8 J pounds of hulls and 2.35 pounds of cottonseed meal for wintering 
steers. 
The cost per 100 pounds of cattle in the spring is secured by adding 
the cost of feeds consumed in the winter to the fall cost of the steers 
and dividing this total cost by the spring weight. 
When no charge is made for the use of the winter range it was found 
that the average cost of wintering the steers, or in other words, the 
difference between the cost price in the fall and the cost price in the 
spring, for the range steers was 45 cents per hundredweight, while it 
was 69 cents for cattle given meal and hulls, 53 cents for those 
receiving cowpea hay, 53 cents for the steers fed damaged hay, and 
64 cents for the steers that were given cotton seed to supplement the 
range. 
The cost of the feeds were such that, to break even on the winter 
feeding, the cattle fed meal and hulls would have to be worth 25 
cents per hundredweight more than the range cattle, while the cattle 
fed cowpea hay and those given damaged hay would have to sell for 
8 cents per hundredweight more than the range stock. 
