2 BULLETIN 1070, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Size of farm. — In 1912 the 297 farms studied averaged 121 acres 
in size, 57 per cent of the land being tillable. In 1918 the 304 farms 
studied averaged 111.5 acres in size, 58 per cent of the land being 
tillable. Most of the untillable land was in woods or in pasture. 
In 1912 the average value of real estate was $45 per acre and in 1918 
it was $66. 
Capital invested. — The average capital invested in the farms in 
1912 was $6,530, and in 1918 it was $8, 858. About 83 per cent of 
this represented real estate. 
In 1912 a working capital of $1,070 and in 1918 of $1,461 was 
required to operate the average farm. 
Income. — For the year 1912 the average labor income was $86 
and for 1918 it was $542. 
For the year 1912 the average family income was $546 and for 
1918 it was $1,166. This includes money paid on debts, but not 
the value of food products, fuel, and use of house furnished by the 
farm, which in 1912 averaged $328 per farm and in 1918, $573. In 
1912 for all farms of 30 crop acres or under the average amount of 
the family income was $260, and in 1918, $611 ; for the farms of over 
70 crop acres the family income in 1912 averaged $1,144 and in 1918 
$2,225. 
Receipts. — About two-thirds of all receipts were from crops. Cot- 
ton, cattle, sweet potatoes, and wheat were the four leading sources 
of income. 
The leading cash crop was cotton, returns from that crop repre- 
senting about two-fifths of all receipts. 
Table 1. — Census data showing changes in the agriculture of Catawba County, N. C, 
since 1850. 
Item. 
1850 
1870 
1880 
1900 
1910 
1920 
Number of farms 
Land in farms, acres . . 
Improved land in 
farms, acres 
Improved land per 
farm (acres) 
Value of real estate. . . 
Value of machinery . . 
Value of livestock. . . 
Value of real estate, 
machinery, and 
livestock 
Milk cows 
Other cattle 
Swine 
Sheep 
Butter produced, lbs. 
Cheese produced, lbs . 
Milk produced, gals.. 
Eggs produced, doz . . 
Corn, bushels 
Wheat, bushels 
Oats, bushels 
Rye, bushels 
Cotton, bales: 
Hay, tons 
Sweet potatoes, bush . 
Irish potatoes, bush. . 
Sorghum sirup, gals. . 
Tobacco, lbs 
221, 653 
64, 439 
$812, 535 
118, 115 
221, 877 
1, 152, 527 
2,581 
3,582 
19, 891 
6,280 
73, 337 
1,141 
1,078 
221, 615 
67,833 
62.9 
$1,715,639 
85, 611 
386, 207 
2, 187, 457 
2,752 
3, 278 
17, 828 
6,146 
82, 769 
63 
127,954 
39, 203 
56.3 
$607, 424 
37, 387 
152, 563 
797, 374 
1,458 
2, 135 
6,768 
4,644 
29, 679 
100 
1,725 
219, 673 
78,080 
44.4 
#1,723,438 
86, 140 
241, 219 
2, 050, 797 
2,871 
3,835 
10, 594 
6,299 
120, 784 
1, 338 
355, 185 
52, 190 
65, 674 
5,263 
652 
2,925 
21,215 
10,606 

6,086 
403,213 
91, 702 
23, 799 
717 
138 
1,871 
27,661 
9,701 
9,747 
9,308 
142, 876 
34, 746 
41, 553 
1,917 
18 
3 
5,177 
4,540 
7,082 
25 
159, 206 
358, 210 
104, 770 
64,236 
783 
2, 012 
1,137 
19, 325 
12, 687 
28,884 
26,380 
2, 119 ; 
237,734 
2, 647 
239, 824 
101, 193 I 116, 379 
47. 8 I 44. 
$2,814,560 $2,758,590 
124, 560 168, 680 
322, 710 375, 660 
3, 261, 830 
• 3,042 
4,011 
10,239 
3,961 
246, 025 
425 
1, 080, 297 
187, 189 
317, 544 
163,977 
71, 875 
1,204 
2, 412 
2,504 
42,447 
22, 520 
28, 340 
16,400 
3, 302, 930 
3,379 
3,979 
8,067 
1,584 
379, 515 
191 
1, 824, 658 
337, 680 
389,280 
274, 740 
31,970 
590 
4,018 
7,733 
49, 924 
4,531 
17,098 
8,600 
3,199 
241, 037 
125, 564 
39. 2 
$7,324,304 
326, 497 
763, 276 
8, 414, 077 
4,891 
4,218 
7,187 
359 
633, 739 
356 
865, 390 
466, 146 
448,855 
135, 756 
S7, 1X5 
7, 394 
6, 344 
7,679 
195, 679 
20, 541 
21, 243 
638 
2,916 
217, 463 
113,685 
39 
$10,885,426 
734, 346 
1, 250, 017 
12, S69, 789 
4, 955 
3,575 
8, 812 
184 
523, 782 
280 
1,711,616 
467, 665 
401, 433 
160, 182 
•23, 478 
6, 980 
7,311 
16,417 
189,938 
17,619 
16, 178 
9,930 
