10 BULLETIN 482, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
the organization of these enterprises must take into account economy 
in the distribution of labor. Even though an enterprise like tobacco, 
for instance, may yield a very large profit per acre, the amount 
that can be handled profitably on a given farm is limited not only 
by the amount of good tobacco soil, but by such a relation of the 
tobacco crop to other established enterprises as will bring about the 
most advantageous distribution of available labor as well as other 
advantages of diversity. Figures 7 and 8 show the seasonal distribu- 
tion of operations required by the crops grown here, and _ illus- 
trate how the operations are limited as to seasons and are distributed 
through the year. These diagrams are based on the practice of 
about 75 farmers for each crop. The black lines indicate the limits 
of the average of the estimates given and the dotted lines show the 
limits of the range of these estimates. 
LIVE STOCK. 
In a manner somewhat similar to crops, live-stock enterprises re- 
quire special attention at limited seasons of the year, so that in any 
system of general farming the operations required by them have an 
important influence in the organization of the farm. In figures 
9 and 10 there are shown the principal operations and events occurring 
in the life of animals on the farm. 
TABLE II].—Labor units and power units required by various enterprises (based 
on average of about 75 records for each enterprise). 
| Lahor | Power °} Labor Power 
Enterprise. units.1| units.? Enterprise. units.t units.? 
Per Perel Pe a leeee 
acre acre. | acre. | acre. 
PODACCO. Sos. Sees se eee Soe - 38.8 GE Meadow ay. 22-2 cree fot 0.7 
Corn: Cowpeas and soy beans.........-- 1.8 | 3.0 
Shocked and put into crib-.--- 4.6 4.4 
iHocved dowit ss - S=2 See 2.4 Sao Per Per 
Wheat Seen oe Ce ee ee 2 1.6 animal | animal 
: unit. unit. 
PhraSheG os: oe eee ee 3 2.0 | Ordinary milch cows on farm....- 12.3 1.5 
Cut and fed as hay. .........-. 9 1.3 | Dairy cows, including marketing 
iPastured: . 23ts-25- iS 2 560) anlk- 33 See ee 18.3 6.2 
Oats | Beef cattle or general stock cattle: - 1.0 .9 
EhTASHOd = oe Se ees 2 1.4 Heepe. Sse. Se eee eee 2.3 - 05 
Hed mibundles==s°=- > S552: 12 2:07) SWine 2 2S hse ee eee AeA - 02 
1 Labor unit: A man-day’s work of 10 hours. : 
2 Power unit: One day’s work by a mule, horse, or the equivalent of this work done by an engine. 
LABOR AND POWER UNITS REQUIRED. 
The average number of labor units and power units required for 
each crop and stock enterprise is shown in Table III. These are based 
on about 25 records obtained in each of the counties studied as pre- 
viously explained. The farmers’ practice relative to the amount of 
work put upon the crops and live stock is quite uniform throughout 
the region. The variations that occur are due mainly to weather con- 
= rr 
