2 BULLETIN 482, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
field crops per acre important secondary factors. Size of farm has 
here no direct bearing upon labor income. It does, however, deter- 
mine the character of the farm organization, the small farms natu- 
rally turning more to the cultivation of tobacco and the large farms 
to grazing. 
METHOD OF STUDY. 
The farms selected to furnish the basis of study are located in three 
counties—Mason, Scott, and Madison. These counties are typical cf 
the different parts of the region. They are widely separated. Mason 
hes on the Ohio River, Scott is near the center of the region, while 
Madison lies at the foot of the mountains and is representative of the 
more distinctly stock type of farming. Tobacco and live stock are 
important enterprises in all the counties studied. These two enter- 
prises furnish the bases of all the types of farming found, with the 
exception of 10 distinctly dairy farms, which have not been included 
in the general analysis. : 
KENTUCKY 
SCALE -STATUTE MULES 
Sas 
on2»x» # # 
Fic. 1.—Map of Kentucky with bluegrass area outlined and the three counties in which 
farm records were taken shaded. 
The farms visited were those named by various men in the com- 
munity as being operated on a business basis. It was thought ad- 
visable also to select such farmers as were both willing and competent 
to give a record of a year’s business, March 1, 1913, to March 1, 
1914. Many of the farms were visited twice and many three times. 
In a preliminary survey about 25 complete records of each enterprise 
in the county were taken in order to determine the average seasons 
in which various operations were carried on and the amount of labor 
and horse work required for each. At the same time, farmers’ esti- 
mates were secured as to the number of days available for field work 
in each month of the year. In the general survey that followed, 
each farmer furnished a year’s record of his business and such other 
