22 
ment even during the flood season. 
BULLETIN 272, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Black gum 
and the baysin muck soils and southern white 
LEEP CYPRESS SWAMP 
By WY 
WMéwt!’ 
CYPRESS SLOUGHS AND HARDWOOD RIDGES 
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AVA TP 
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DEEPALLUVIAL Si 
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PS VATURAL LEVEE. 
os 
Fria. 2,—Section of Grand River (Louisiana) showing hardwood ridges, cypress sloughs or glades, and deep cypress swamp. 
Mie Sy 
pyri Cy 
on the other. 
(Vertical scale exaggerated.) 
cedar in the peat soils are the 
main associates of cypress. 
‘ 
PINE BARREN ‘POND’? SWAMPS. 
The effect of variable mois- 
ture supply and highly acid 
soil is seen in the stunted 
and rather defective stands 
of cypress occurring in the 
ponds distributed thickly 
over the region from South 
Carolina to Florida. Here 
the starved cypress in its 
extreme form occurs and is 
commonly known as the 
“pond” cypress. In these 
situations cypress has practi- 
cally no competitor, although 
there is some scattered water 
gum, and, near the margin, 
Cuban pine, pond pine, and 
spruce pine. 
COASTAL SWAMPS. 
‘While cypress is a_ tree 
tolerant chiefly of fresh 
water, it reaches the coast 
and advances a little into 
brackish tidalwater. Growth 
here is distinctly inferior, and 
the salty overflow during 
driving storms undoubtedly 
accounts for the early death 
of many trees. The tree is 
an inhabitant of the fresh- 
water wooded swamps in dis- 
tinction from the open grassy 
everglades and “‘prairies”’ of 
fresh water on the one hand 
and the coastal marshes and 
salt-water mangrove swamps 
Many of the cypress “‘brakes”’ 
or cut-off sloughs represent the gradual fillmg 
of marshes and lagoons, which in a previous geo- 
PURF STAND LARGE CYPRESS 
PURE STAND LARGE CYPRESS 
PRAIRIE 
OPEN 
9 WATER 
Why APA / RE 
fs 
ODS ,»' Pa 
: alti 
y 4 oh Wer | Ne 
fe: 
FURE STAND CYPRES 
OVER MATURE CYPRESS, 
MIXED HARD. 
SOUTHERN PINE FOREST 
CYPRESS POND 
Ue 
UY 
MUCK 
Yi 
fia. 3.—Section of Okefinokee Swamp (Georgia) showing open water, prairie, and various stages of young and old cypress stands. 
UY 
(Vertical scale exaggerated. ) 
