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PRODUCTION OF LUMBER, LATH, AND SHINGLES. 33 
MINOR SPECIES. 
Woods cut in too small quantities to be presented in separate tables 
are included under minor species. Some of the species are native and 
some foreign. The foreign woods are imported in log form and 
sawed at special mills located in the States designated in Table 32. 
True mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni and S. meter ophylla) comes 
from tropical America. Other so-called mahoganies come from 
Africa, South America, India, and the Philippines. 
Black willow (S alios nigra) is sawed into lumber in the lower Mis- 
sissippi Valley. 
Cherry (Primus seroiina) is a scarce but valuable tree, and is cut 
in many Eastern States. 
Buckeye (Aesculus octandra) is a tree cut for lumber and often 
known as yellow buckeye. 
Cucumber (Magnolia acuminata) is cut in Ohio, North Carolina, 
Xew York, and intervening States. The lumber frequently goes to 
market as " poplar saps " or the sapwood of yellow poplar. 
Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora) , also known in the South as ever- 
green magnolia, furnishes the magnolia lumber of commerce. 
Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis) and sugarberry (Celt is missis- 
sip piensis) are both cut as hackberry lumber, mostly in the Southern 
States. 
Black (or yellow) locust (Robinia pseudacacia) is usually made 
into insulator pins, tree nails, and hubs, but seldom into lumber. It 
is very durable, and some of the lumber reported may have been 
sawed posts. Honey locust (Gleditsia tricanthos) was probably the 
source of most of the locust lumber. 
Butternut (Juglans cinerea), although much less valuable than 
walnut, is occasionally cut in the Northern and Central States. 
Pecan (Gary a pecan) is a southern tree of the hickory family, 
more valuable for nuts than lumber, and with inferior wood. 
Most of the eucalyptus lumber comes from blue gum (Eucalyptus 
globulus), which is an Australian tree, successfully planted in Cali- 
fornia. Other species are growing in California and sometimes fur- 
nish sawlogs. 
Box elder (Acer negundo) is a member of the maple family, but 
supplies inferior lumber. 
Eed alder (Alnus rubra) is one of the few Pacific coast hardwoods. 
Spanish cedar (Cedrela odorata) is imported in large quantities 
to make cigar-box veneer, and is sometimes sawed into lumber. 
Sassafras (Sassafras variifolium) is sometimes cut in hardwood 
operations. 
Limber pine (Pinus fexilis) is a scarce Rocky Mountain species, 
supplying inferior " white pine " lumber. 
