manana a a 
THE CRANBERRY GIRDLER. . i i 
~ Taste IVY.—Cocooning records of the cranberry girdler in New Jersey, 1915. 
Number | Number 
oflarvein) of naked 
cocoons. | larve. 
: Number | Nuniber | 
Date. oflarvein| of naked Date. 
cocoons. larve. 
DODD A Stee aioe 0 ZT MOCt Oats Be eee en eeee ere eee 9 if 
PSY Sy Oy rl a oe te 0 155 | LOCH SS tan omen ee eee eee 6 1 
Be pti One ee a 0 UAW COXGi Real We ae A ee es al 37 1 
CONG Fed ls ip a ia SR ge 3 LOE Wek OY obeyed WO eee ee eee Nis Bree te | 1 0 
OCCUR Beers eis a 0 De Ih NRO Vite lila sere os ee nant ee eT Ne | 26 0 
The foregoing figures, obtained under actual bog conditions, show 
that cocoons were first found October 1, although search was not 
_ made for them between September 19 and that date. Naked larve 
were abundant on October 1, but this condition soon changed, and 
by the 5th of October larve in cocoons outnumbered the naked ones. 
After making the cocoon, the larva lies dormant within until 
spring of the following year, at which time pupation occurs. Larve 
in cocoons are able successfully to withstand the usual winter flow- 
age, which is applied, as a rule, in December and held until the fol- 
lowing April or May. Some few are able to withstand a flowage 
lasting until July, although an infestation is always greatly reduced 
by such late holding. 
The cocoon is not impervious to water and, in fact, becomes filled 
with water about three days after submergence. After 24 hours’ 
submergence in a solution tinged with red, the inner wall of the 
cocoon was found entirely reddened, with no free water around the 
larve. Similar results were obtained with another cocoon after 48 
hours’ submergence, while at the end of four days three cocoons were 
entirely filled with the solution. 
PUPA STAGE. 
Pupation occurs after the removal of the winter flowage and is de- 
pendent upon the time of this removal. On dry bogs it may occur 
in late April or May, and on winter-flowed bogs it may be retarded 
by late holding of the flowage until July. No evidence has been. 
noted of pupation taking place while the winter flowage was on; 
in fact, the examination of cocoons within a day or two after the 
drawing of the winter flowage showed all such to contain larve. 
After pupation has occurred the bog may be reflowed for several 
days without effecting the death of the pupa. On one occasion a 
pupa in its cocoon was found alive on the bog after submergence for 
between five and six days. 
Pupal records have been difficult to obtain, because the opening 
of the cocoon for purposes of observation is disturbing to the larva 
and is likely to result either in its death or in delaying its transfor- 
‘mation to the pupa. The records at hand show that the stage lasts, 
